IRJET- Automatic Plant Watering System using Arduino
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1. The document describes an automatic plant watering system that uses soil moisture and water level sensors connected to an Arduino microcontroller to control a water pump. 2. The system aims to save water by only turning on the pump when the soil is dry or the water level is low. It gets power from a solar panel and battery to avoid reliance on the electric grid. 3. The Arduino reads the sensor values, determines if the pump should be on or off, and displays the system status on an LCD screen. It can also be controlled remotely by text message. This automatic system reduces labor costs and water waste compared to manual irrigation methods.
IRJET- Automatic Plant Watering System using Arduino
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 53 AUTOMATIC PLANT WATERING SYSTEM USING ARDUINO Suraj Sul1, Akshay Kavitake2, Akshay Valekar3, Ajay Thombare4 1234Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, S.B.Patil, College of Engineering, Indapur -----------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract : In the field of agriculture, use of proper method of irrigation is important because the main reason is the lack of rains and scarcity of water. The continuous extraction of water from earth is reducing the water level which lot of land is coming slowly in the zones of un-irrigated land. Another very importantreasonofthisisunplanneduseofwaterdue towhicha significant amount of water goes waste. To address these issues we propose automatic plant irrigation system. The system derives power from solar energy through photo-voltaic cells. Hence, dependency on erraticcommercial powerisnotrequired. This project aims at using solar energy to operate the irrigation pump. Thecircuitcomprisesofsensorpartsbuiltusingop-amp IC. Op-amps are configured here as a comparator. Two stiff copper wires are insertedin thesoil tosensewhetherthe soil iswet or dry. A microcontroller is used to control the whole system by monitoring the sensors and whensensorssensedrycondition of soil, then the microcontroller will send command to relay driver IC thecontactsofwhichareusedtoswitchonthemotor and it will switch off the motor when the soil is in wet condition. The microcontroller does the above job as it receives the signal from the sensors through the output of the comparator, and these signalsoperateunderthecontrol ofsoftwarewhichisstored in ROM of the microcontroller. The condition of the pump i.e., ON/OFF is displayed on a 16X2 LCD which is interfaced to the microcontroller. IndexTerms - Arduino UNO, GSM, LCD, Soil Moisture Sensor, Water level Sensor Relay, Submersiblewaterpump,Solar Panel, Battery. 1. Introduction By using the concept of modern irrigationsystem a farmercan save waterupto50%.Thisconceptdependsontwoirrigation methods those are: conventionalirrigationmethodslikeoverheadsprinklers,floodtypefeedingsystemsi.e.wetthelowerleaves and stem of the plants.. The erosion of soil and wind is much reduced by the recent techniques when compared with overhead sprinkler systems. The soil characteristics will define the form of the dripping nature in the root zone of a plant which receives moisture. As the method of automatic dripping will reduce huge water losses it will become a popular method by reducing the labor cost and increasing the yields. When the components are activated,allthecomponentswillreadandgivetheoutputsignaltothe controller, and the information will be displayed to the user (farmer). The sensorreadingsareanaloginnaturesotheADCpinin the controller will convert the analog signals into digital format. Then the controller will access information and when the motors are turned On/Off it will be displayed on the LCD display. II. LITRATURE SURVEY Agricultureis the mainstay for Bangladeshandtheprovisionofwaterisanimportantfactorthatdeterminestheoutputofthe agriculture sector. Since natural water availability is prone to many aspects of nature such as rain and capacity of rain-water reservoir, irrigation or alternative supply of water becomes a critical elementinagriculture.Theexistingirrigationmechanisms through the motor-pumps are heavily dependent on fossilfuel regardedasanoffenderinthecarbonfootprintdebacle.Thepoor farmers find themselves with insurmountable hurdles as they are constrained by the financial cost on fuel. The profit maximization gets a major setback due to the exorbitant amount of expenditure due to fuel consumption. An innovative approach to do away with such limitation is the utilization of natural resource for irrigation purpose, an intelligent auto irrigation system which is based on the concept of harnessing the power of sun. Through the use of solar panel, sunlight is captured into the photovoltaic cells and transferred to a battery to be charged during the day. All this setting is facilitated by circuits one associated with the solar panel and the other one for detecting the presence of sunlight during the day since the system would not allow anywater to flow unless it is the night time. In order to drive the pump into action, two conditions need to be fulfilled one darkness, detected by a photo resistor and the second one is the dryness of soil, to be determined by a moisturesensor,and this setting would be programmed bya platform bothhardwareandsoftwarewithArduinoUno.Although the charging timeof the battery by solar panel would be a little lengthy, the long exposuretothesunwouldprovideenoughtime
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 54 and charging volume to the battery. The battery wouldcomfortablyprovideaconsiderabledurationofpowertothewaterpump that can supply sufficient amount of water to agricultural land of any decent size. 1. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT BLOCK DIAGRAM: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 55 2. HARDWARE REQUIREMENT ARDUINO This is the main processing unit of system. It gives input from soil moisture sensor and water level sensor and commands from GSM. And give output signal to relay to turn ON or OFF the motor. It has programmed microcontroller Atmega 328. It has input 6Volt DC power supply. GSM MODULE In this we inserted SIM. It sends text message to operator. It is powered by battery of 6 volt. It is used to give information to user/operator to about status of soil moisture sensor, water level sensor andrunning status of motor. Controlling commands are received here by sending text message to SIM inserted in this.
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 56 SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR It is used to detect moisture in the soil. If moisture is present then circuit completes and provide such signal to arduino. WATER LEVEL SENSOR It is used to detect level of water in tank. RELAY Relay is accepts command from arduino microcontroller and . And provide further command to circuit breaker.
- 5. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 57 LCD(16*2) LCD Shows status of system works. SUBMERSSIBLE WATER PUMP It is used to lift water from water pump. And give to various plants via pipe. According to our need wecanusevarioustypes of pumps. 3. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT ARDUINO UNO Software is required to programme. Atmega 328 microcontroller. 4. HARDWARDE AND RESULTS HARDWARE
- 6. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 58 WORKING Initially system is started then, soil moisture sensor and water level sensorchecksparameters.Andgivescommand to arduino, then various possibilities occurs as given in result table. Arduino decides whether to pump has to be Start or not. And gives further commands to relay. It uses circuit breaker to open or close pump’s circuit. And motor will ON or OFF. RESULTS MONITIRING When we run hardware, an arduino will check following necessary conditions, and proceed for further opeartions. Different possibilities are: 1. If moisture level is low and water level is high then motor is 0N. 2. If moisture level is low as well as water level is also low then motor is OFF. 3. If moisture level is high and water level is also high then motor is OFF. 4. If moisture level is high and water level is low then motor is OFF When above operations are running, you will be inform by sending SMS on your registered mobile number. If water level is high and moisture If water level is high, and moisture level is low then motor will OFF level is high then motor will OFF
- 7. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 59 CONTROLLING When you have to start water pump manually, you need to send SMS on mobile number which SIM is inserted in GSM. To Start water pump manually, To Stop water pump manually, Send SMS ‘START’ on pump’s Send SMS ‘STOP’ on pump’s mobile number. mobile number. If water level is low and moisture If water level is low, and moisture level is low then motor will OFF level is high then motor will OFF
- 8. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 06 | June 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 60 5. COCLUSION By implementing this idea, we can improve the traditional way of agricultureirrigation systemindifferent regionofIndia.In the present era, the farmers use irrigation technique through the manual control, in which the farmers irrigate the land at regular intervals .This process seems to consume more water and results in water wastage.Moreoverindryareaswherethere is inadequate rainfall, irrigation becomes difficult. Hence we require an automatic system that will precisely monitor and control the water requirements in the field. Installing Smart irrigation system savestimeand ensuresjudicioususageofwater. Moreover this architecture uses microcontroller which promises an increase in system life by reducing power consumption. 1. K. M. R. Haque, M. A. Muyeed, S. Sadat and R. Palit, "Jol-Shinchon: Design and development of a sensor based intelligent auto irrigation system," 2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), Las Vegas, NV, 2017, pp. 1-5 2. G. Alex and M. Janakiranimathi, "Solar based plant irrigation system," 2016 2nd International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronics, Information, Communication and Bio-Informatics(AEEICB),Chennai,2016,pp. 425-428 3. J. R. dela Cruz, R. G. Baldovino, A. A. Bandala and E. P. Dadios, "Water usage optimization of Smart Farm Automated Irrigation System using artificial neural network," 2017 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoIC7), Malacca City, 2017, pp. 1-5 4. Suraj S.Avatade1, Prof.S. P. Dhanure2 “Irrigation System Using a Wireless Sensor Network andGPRS”International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication EngineeringVol. 4, Issue 5, May 2015. 5. T.Ramya1, P. Uma Mageswari2, K.Balaji3 “Automated IrrigationSystemUsinga WirelessSensorNetwork andGPRS Module” International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization Vol.3, Special Issue 8, October 2015 6. REFERENCES