IRJET- IoT Based Automated Irrigation System for Agriculture

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2307
IoT Based Automated Irrigation System for Agriculture
Mohamed Rafiq1, Gokul2, Pradeep3, Vishnu4
Department of CSE, P.A. College of Engineering & Technology, Coimbatore
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Abstract - Today India ranks second in the globeoverfarm
yield. Watering system accounts for 55-75% for water
utilization. 60% of the water utilized within the watering
system will be wasted. The water prerequisites over watering
system continuously large, there is a requirement to a keen
irrigation system framework that could save the water. This
model avoids some issues like over irrigation. It also helps in
water conservation by automatically providing water to the
agricultural field depending upon the dampness (moisture)
level of soil and the temperature of nature's domain. Likewise,
engineering organization will be advancing, there may be
constantly an opportunity for decreasing dangersalsomaking
fill-in simpler. The Internet of Things (IoT) is internetworking
of physical devices which gatherings give results for a number
issues. IoT has the capability to exchange information over a
system without requiring human-to-machine interaction. IoT
may be utilized within agriculture, smart cities, advanced
mobile home, healthcare, movement monitoring, and so forth
throughout this way, observing and stock arrangement of all
instrumentation may be enhanced. Here we keeping tabs
looking into farming works similarly as it assumes a key part
of the advancement of our country’s economy.Thisapplication
precisely controls water system for the agricultural field by
using sensors and microcontroller system. It is achieved by
installing sensors in the field to monitor the temperature and
soil moisture which transmits the data to the microcontroller
for estimation of water demands of plants.
Key Words: Automation, Arduino, Soil Moisture Sensor, GSM
SIM900A, Internet of Things.
1. INTRODUCTION
In our nation, Agriculture is a real wellspring of
nourishment creation to the developing interest of human
populace. In farming, the water system is a fundamental
procedure that impacts trim creation. Usually farmers visit
their agricultural fields occasionally to check soil moisture
level and in view of the prerequisite water is pumped by a
motor to flood separate fields. The farmer needs to sit tight
for certain period before exchanging off the engine so water
is permitted to stream in an adequate amount in individual
fields. This water system strategy takes part of time
furthermore, exertion especially when a farmer needs to
inundate numerous farming fields disseminated in various
land zones. Customarily farmers will show in their fields to
do water system process. Be that as it may, these day’s
agriculturists need to deal with their farming action
alongside different occupations. Mechanization in water
system framework influences agriculturist to work
significantly less demanding. Sensor-based robotized water
system framework givespromising arrangement to farmers
where nearness of agriculturist infield isn't mandatory. A
little processor customized for control an electromagnetic
valve and furthermore contrast with electromagnetic valve
work engine to begin watering. Extremely INDIAN
agriculturists require shoddy and straightforward UI for
controlling sensor based computerized water system
framework. Presently a day's web is generally utilized.
Utilizing web Farmer think about the farming field water
system status. Thisencouragesfarmersto knowthestatusof
cultivating field watering heading through a message
whether the Farmer is far from field know the status of
water engine is ON or OFF and heading of watering. In this
paper, we show a model for complete computerization
getting to of water system engine where Prototype
incorporates the number of sensor hub put in various ways
of the farm field. Each sensor is coordinated with a remote
systems administration gadget and the information got by
the "ATMEGA-328" microcontroller which is on an
"ARDUINO-UNO" improvement board. GSM module is used
for sending messagesthrough SMS gatewaycorrespondence
to the microcontroller procedure. For experimentation, we
have the dreamy number of soil dampnesssensor utilizedas
a part of the various course of the farm fields. The dirt
dampness toward every path of field is detected by sensor
hub and the detected information is sent to microcontroller
hub through remote organizing gadget. On getting sensor
esteem the controller hub checks it with required soil
dampnessesteem. Whenever soil dampnessinaspecificfield
isn't up to the required level at that point controller hub
switch on the engine to the flood-related field, what's more,
the Arduino processall information and noticeSMS issentto
enrolled cell phone which is enlisted in Arduino. The
Arduino is observing with a screen to see the present status
of the water system and use for change the setting of client
required.
2. PROBLEM DEFINITON
This is the undertaking starting with that inspiration of
the farmers working in the farm grounds are singularly
subject to those rains What's more exhaust wells to the
watering system of their area. For later times, the farmers
need to be been utilizing wateringsystemprocedurethrough
the manual control over which the farmers flood the area at
standard intervalstoward turning the water-pump ON/OFF
at obliged. Moreover, to those control evidence they are
glowing a single knob the middle of whatever a standout
amongst period Also neutral, then at there will be at
whatever stage finding happens in different phases, the
farmer can't know their supply will be low. If they switch on
any of the motors, there will a chance to be the sudden

demise defuse for engine circlet. They might go as such to
exchanging ON/OFF the engine. They might a chance to
suffice to start with high temp Sun, sprinkle What's more
night occasion when a really. Then afterward arriving at
their farm, they found that there will be no power, along
these lines they quietly frustrated with it!! isthereanyresult
for it??? Let’s check our result.
3. SOLUTION FRAMEWORK
This model screens the measure of soil dampness and
temperature. A predefined extent from claiming dirt
dampness and temperature will be set, what’s more, could
make differed for soil sort or crop kind. In the event the
dampness or temperature of the dirt deviates starting with
the specified range, those watering framework may be
turned on/off. In the event that of dry dirt Furthermore
secondary dirt temperature, it will initiate those watering
system, pumping water for watering those plants and an
intimation message will be sent to the farmer. Both the
dampness and temperature sensors would associate with
the information pins of the controller. Those water pump
and the servo engine would couple with those yield pins. In
the sensors withdraw starting with that predefined range,
the controller turns on the pump. That servo engine is used
to control that precise position of the pipe, which ensures
equivalent circulation of water of the soil. A headed pointer
demonstrates that status of the pump. Square outline for
smart watering system framework might be executed with
respect to an expansive scale for cultivatingpurposes.Owing
will prevail states and water shortages, the ideal watering
system schedules ought to make dead set particularly done
ranches will save water.
Figure 1: Block Diagram
4. METHODOLOGIES
Water sprinkler control was accomplished by setting a
limit an incentive at which water system shouldstart. At the
point when the sensorsdistinguish dampnesscontentbefore
the edge, the sprinklers are exchanged on till the dirt is
totally soggy. Figure 2 demonstrates the stream diagram of
the framework.
Figure 2: Flow Chart
Stream diagram of the framework The equipment gadget
includes dampness sensors, Arduino Uno and GSM/GPRS
SIM300 modem. The GSM modem is essential in charge of
transmitting the information got from Arduino to farmer’s
mobile phone. The intimation about watering process is
transmitted to mobile phone by GSM SIM300 using SMS
gateway. The pump is to be exchanged on when the
dampness content is low. The edge esteems rely upon the
kind of soil utilized.
5. ARCHITECTURE
The IoT based Automated Irrigation System consists of
Arduino UNO, GSM SIM300, soil moisture sensor,
temperature and humidity sensor. The architecture is
mentioned in Figure 3 as follows.
Figure 3: Architecture Diagram

6. EXPERIMENTATION RESULT
The IoT based Automated Watering system framework
might have been tried looking into a field. The plant’s water
prerequisite may be 600 -800mm a day and temperature
prerequisite of the dirt ranges from 50oC - 100oC. In the
Arduino code, the soil moisture level was situated as 0 - 300
(dry) and 300 - 800 (wet) individually (which delineatesthe
comparing imperviousness esteem to advanced format). In
view of given specified level the water gets irrigated and an
acknowledgment about irrigation was sent as an SMS to the
farmer through their mobile phones. Moreover, this
framework turns out to be less expensive and proficient in
preserving water and decreasing water wastage.
7. CONCLUSION
In the present era, the watering process is done through
manual control, over which those farmers flood their
territories in standard intervals. This procedure shouldlead
to over irrigation or under irrigation and also leads to water
wastage. In dry zoneswhere rainfall is insufficient,irrigation
process turns into troublesome. Henceforth we oblige a
programming framework that will maintain the water
necessities in the field. By using automated irrigationsystem
framework, farmers can save their time and reduce the
wastage of water. Moreover, Arduino UNO microcontroller
which guarantees an increment on framework term by
diminishing energy utilization.
8. FUTURE SCOPE
Our project can be improvised by adding a temperature
sensor which can predict the weather and water to the
plants/crops accordingly. If rain is forecasted, less water is
let out for the plants. Also, a GSM module can be included so
that the farmer receives the status of water pump through
their mobile phone by SMS. Furthermore, a water meter
should be installed to estimate the amount of water present
in the water source. And also wireless sensors can also be
used.
REFERENCES
[1] Yunseop (James) Kim, Robert G. Evans, and William
M. Iversen, “Remote Sensing and Control of an
Irrigation System Using a Distributed Wireless
Sensor Network”, IEEE transactions on
instrumentation and measurement, vol. 57, no. 7,
July 2008.
[2] S. Darshna, T. Sangavi, Sheena Mohan, A.
Soundharya, Sukanya Desikan, “Smart Irrigation
System”, IOSR Journal of Electronics and
Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-ISSN:
2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 10, Issue 3,
Ver. II (May - Jun.2015), PP 32-36
www.iosrjournals.org.
[3] Nagarajapandian M, Ram Prasanth U, Selva Kumar
G, Tamil Selvan S, “Automatic irrigation system on
sensing soil moisture content”,InternationalJournal
of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics,
Instrumentation and Control Engineering vol. 3,
issue 1, January 2015.
[4] Indu Gautam and S.R.N Reddy, “Innovative GSM
based Remote Controlled Embedded System for
Irrigation”, International Journal of Computer
Applications Vol. 47 – No.13, June 2012.
[5] Jin Shen, Song Jingling, Han Qiuyan andYangYan,“A
Remote Measurement and Control System for
Greenhouse Based on GSM-SMS”, Electronic
Measurement andInstruments, 2007.ICEMI'07.8th
International Conference.
[6] Karan Kansara, Vishal Zaveri,ShreyansShah,Sandip
Delwadkar, and Kaushal Jani “Sensor based
Automated Irrigation System with IOT: A Technical
Review”,(IJCSIT) International Journal ofComputer
Science and Information Technologies, Vol. 6 (6) ,
2015, 5331-5333.
[7] R.Suresh, S.Gopinath, K.Govindaraju, T.Devika,
N.Suthanthira Vanitha, “GSM based Automated
Irrigation Control using Raingun IrrigationSystem”,
International Journal of Advanced Research in
Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 3,
Issue 2, February 2014.

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