IRJET- Design, Analysis and Prototype of Vortex Bladeless Wind Turbine
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This document describes the design, analysis, and prototype of a vortex bladeless wind turbine. It utilizes the vortex shedding effect to produce vibrations in a mast upon wind contact. Piezoelectric crystals convert these vibrations into electrical energy. Calculations are shown for the natural frequency, shedding frequency, spring stiffness, lift force, and power output. Finite element analysis was conducted to analyze deformation, strain, and stress. A prototype was built and tested, demonstrating this design's potential as a safer, cleaner alternative energy source that requires less space than conventional wind turbines.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7308
REFERENCES
[1] Niteen Kumar ,Khursheed Alam ,Sudhanshu Kumar D
Y Patil College Of Engineering, Ambi, Pune (MH),
ISSN2395-1621
[2] H.Mueller-Vahl, G. Pechlivanoglou, C.N. Nayeri, and
C.O. Paschereit. Vortex generators for wind turbine
blades: A combined wind tunnel and wind turbine
parametric study. In Proceedings of ASME IGTI Turbo
Expo 2012 ASME/IGTI June 11 -15, 2012,
Copenhagen, Denmark. ASME, 2012.
[3] L. Michaud, Proposal for the use of a controlled
tornado-like vortex to capture the mechanical energy
produced in the atmosphere from solar energy. Bull.
Amer. Meteor. Soc., 1975, vol. 56, pp. 530-534.
[4] IEC 61400: Wind turbines, part 12, power
performance measurements of electricity producing
wind turbines. International Electrotechnical
Commission, IEC 61400-12-1 Ed.2005-12, 2005.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i3832-190918071530/85/IRJET-Design-Analysis-and-Prototype-of-Vortex-Bladeless-Wind-Turbine-4-320.jpg)
IRJET- Design, Analysis and Prototype of Vortex Bladeless Wind Turbine
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7305 Design, Analysis and Prototype of Vortex Bladeless Wind Turbine Balakrishnan S P1, Arun R2, Vinoth Babu N3 1,2B.E Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India 3Associate Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The development of eco-friendly power generation has substantially improvedwithnewadvancement in renewable energy sources. Tomeettheenergyrequirements and to produce a clean energy source, we have opted an unconventional idea of wind turbine that has no blades. The idea is to convert vibration caused by tapping of the wind to electrical energy by means of a piezoelectric crystal. The Vortex Bladeless Turbine swings back and forth instead of spinning, upon the action of wind. This phenomenon is called the Vortex Shedding Effect. Usually the vibrations of mechanical components are reduced but in this case the vibrations are used to produce the output which is the major key to produce a safe and clean energy source. Key Words: Vortex Shedding Effect, Vibration, Mast, Piezo-electric, Bladeless Turbine 1. INTRODUCTION India is a country with largest costal lines. These coastal lines are the source for the wind energy but industries have their eye on burning of coal to produceelectricity.Burningof coal emits carbon dioxide which would affect the environment causing acid rain, global warming. Development of wind power in India began in 1990s. At present the Indian wind energy sector has an installed capacity of 21,141.36 MW. Any improvement in efficiency will lead to more energy production. Our Vortex Bladeless Wind Turbine is an alternative for conventional wind generation process and a replacement for coal as an energy source. 2. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF BLADELESS VORTEX WIND TURBINE The energy conversion happens in the mast, where the wind strikes the column mast shown in Fig -1 and makes it to vibrate. This vibration is converted into electrical energy. This phenomenon is called Vortex Shedding Effect. Vortex shedding is an oscillating flow that takes place when a fluid such as air or water flows past and bluffs (As opposed to streamlined bodyat curtainedvelocities,dependingonshape and size of the body). When the wind impinges on the projected surface area of the mast from one specified direction, steam lines of the wind tend to depart and get sheared off. This results into formationofwindcurrentcalled vortices. Once the mast vibrates, vibration passed to the spring connected to the foundation seat. The foundationseat is fixed with the piezoelectric crystals. The piezoelectric converts vibration into electrical energy. Then electrical energy is stored in a battery. Thus the stored dc current is used to charge a battery or connect it to the load. Fig -1: Vortex Bladeless Wind Turbine 3. CALCULATION The natural frequency of the body is calculated by using torque method. fn = 1/2 (((KL2 – 2Mc * g L )/4) / I ) fn - Natural frequency I - Moment of inertia of conical frustum K - Spring stiffness. L - Length of conical frustum. Mc - Center of mass of conical frustum g - Acceleration due to gravity. 3.1 MOMENT OF INERTIA I = (1/3) Mc * L2 I - Moment of inertia of conical frustum K - Spring stiffness. L - Length of conical frustum. (1.219 m) Mc - Mass of conical frustum (0.7986 kg) G - Acceleration due to gravity. (9.81) I = (1/3) Mc * L2 = (1/3) * 0.7986 * 1.2192 = 0.395 kg m2
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7306 3.2 SHEDDING FREQUENCY CALCULATIONS St = Fs * D/ U St - Strouhal No (0.2) Fs - Shedding frequency D - Diameter (0.2m) U - Velocity of fluid (2.8 m/s) St = Fs * D/ U 0.2 = Fs * 0.2/2.8 Fs = 2.8 Therefore shedding frequency is 2.8 Hz 3.3 SPRING STIFFNESS CALCULATION For achieving resonance, we equate the natural and vortex shedding frequency (((KL2 – 2Mc * g L )/4) / I ) = fn For designing a spring to sustain the high stress develop in resonance condition .It is necessary to calculate the value of stiffness under resonance condition. K = (4 Ι fs2×2π +2 Mc ×g L) / L2 K = (4. 0.3959. 2.7999. 2 ×2π +2. 0.7986 × 9.81. 1.2192) / (1.48645) K = 50.3171 N/m 3.4 LIFT FORCE CALCULATION Lift force developed at the upper end of the conical frustum and coefficient of lift force C is assumed to be 0.6 based on previous study. F = 0.5 ρ U 3D L C ρ - Density of air C - Coefficient of lift force Density of air =1.225 Kg/m3 Diameter of conical frustum (D) = 0.2 m Velocity of air (U) = 6 m/s Length of conical frustum (L) = (1.219 m) F = 0.5 ρ U 3D L C F = 0.5 * 1.225 * 6 * 3 * 0.2 * 1.219 F = 2.687 N. Therefore, Lift force F is 2.687 N. 3.5 POWER CALCULATION The oscillation produce by the vortex shedding is converted in to rotary motion and then into power. P = KCp(1/2)ρAV3 P - Power output, Kilowatts Cp - Max Power coefficient(0.35) Ρ - Air density, lb/ft3 (0.0765) A - Rotor swept area V - Wind speed, kmph(21.6) K = 0. 000133 A = πDL = 3.14 * 0.656168 * 3.999 A = 8.239ft3 P = 0.000133*0.35*(1/2)*0.0765*8.239*(21.6)3 P = 0.1478KW P = 147.83W 4. ANALYSIS Fig -2: Geometry of Vortex Turbine Fig -3: Meshing of Vortex Turbine Fig -4: Loading Condition
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7307 Fig -5: Deformation of Vortex Turbine Fig -6 Equivalent Elastic Strain Fig -7: Equivalent Elastic Stress In this analysis we have shown the deformation, equivalent elastic strain and the equivalent elastic stress of the Vortex Bladeless Turbine. Considering the force acting as 300N which is proportional to the velocity of wind acting on the mast. 5. PHOTOGRAPH Fig -8: Prototype of Vortex Bladeless Wind Turbine 6. CONCLUSIONS The growing energy demand and depleting energy resources urges the need of renewable resources. The Innovative approach to the conventional energy production is that vibration plays a major hand in the production of electricity. We convert wind energy into vibration and in turn use this as a source for producing electricity. In every other field vibration is considered as a flaw, but we have used vibration as a factor for producing eco-friendly energy. Bladeless wind energy helps us to achieve these criteria utilizing less area, Generation of high power, Economical. The project uses less space area hence highly economical for the rural electrification.
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7308 REFERENCES [1] Niteen Kumar ,Khursheed Alam ,Sudhanshu Kumar D Y Patil College Of Engineering, Ambi, Pune (MH), ISSN2395-1621 [2] H.Mueller-Vahl, G. Pechlivanoglou, C.N. Nayeri, and C.O. Paschereit. Vortex generators for wind turbine blades: A combined wind tunnel and wind turbine parametric study. In Proceedings of ASME IGTI Turbo Expo 2012 ASME/IGTI June 11 -15, 2012, Copenhagen, Denmark. ASME, 2012. [3] L. Michaud, Proposal for the use of a controlled tornado-like vortex to capture the mechanical energy produced in the atmosphere from solar energy. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 1975, vol. 56, pp. 530-534. [4] IEC 61400: Wind turbines, part 12, power performance measurements of electricity producing wind turbines. International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC 61400-12-1 Ed.2005-12, 2005.