IRJET- Design and Implementation of IoT based Portable Outdoor Dust Density Monitoring System

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 12 | Dec 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2115
Design and Implementation of IoT based Portable Outdoor Dust
Density Monitoring System
Mahammad D.V.
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication, Rayalaseema University- Kurnool-A.P. India.
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Abstract: smart cities are gradually increasing in India.
As a part of smart city Air pollution monitoring is one of
the important work to alert the people. The air pollution
is a mixture of solid particles like dust and many gases
like vehicle and factories emissions. Due to air pollution
it affects people’s health like asthma, and lung disorders.
And also a major concern is can cause global warning.
Keeping all this in mind, it is necessary to have internet of
thing (IoT) based a tool that can measure and alert the
people from air quality. This project is done in our
laboratory as a part of smart city concept. To design an air
monitoring system a NodeMCU module and a Spark Fun
Optical Dust Sensor is used as host controller and sensor
respectively. For cloud platform blink app is used. By using
this people can monitor the dust density in air using smart
phone at any time and from anywhere. The system is
successfully constructed and tested in our lab and found
system is working satisfactorily.
Key words: Inernet of Thing (IoT), Blynk app, Dust
sensor.
1. Introduction:
Nowadays the Internet of Things (IoT) based air
condition monitoring system is a part of smart cities and
it is necessary. The best example for this situation is air
pollution in Delhi city. In recent years, vehicles,
factories’ gas emissions are increased and apart from
this a new dust particles are adding from formers waste
burnt. So, due to these reasons now air condition is
much polluted. Due to air pollution it Effect people’s
health like asthma and lung disorders[1]. It is difficult to
determine by naked eye because air pollution may
contain a lot of dangerous particles. It is essential to
measure air quality by which we can alerts the people at
right time[2-4]. Due to smart cities are getting popular
in India, as a part of this, a low cost Internet of things
(IoT) based dust monitoring systems is mandatory to
promote this concept. Internet of Things based dust
density monitoring system is used Optical Dust Sensor as
sensing element and NodeMCU as host microcontroller
and blink app is used as cloud platform. The system is
successfully constructed and tested in our laboratory
and found system is working satisfactorily.
2. Development of Hardware and Software of Design
and Implementation of IoT based Portable
Outdoor dust density Monitoring System.
2.1 System Design
The proposed system’s block diagram is shown
in figure-1. It mainly consist of a optical dust sensor,
NodeMCU as a host microcontroller, Wi-Fi module to
connect internet, Blynk server and Blynk APP for cloud
services.
Figure-1: The block diagram of IoT based dust
monitoring system
2.2 NodeMCU: The NodeMCU is an open source and very
popular development board. And having ESP8266 Wi-Fi
chip (Wi-Fi Protocols at 802.11 b/n/e/i and clocked at
2.4 GHz) and important pins like GPIO and AI.
It consists of:
1. 1 AI input
2. 16 GPIO pins
Power range +3.3v to 5v can be powered
directly by USB cable. And this board is very suitable for
IoT projects. The pin diagram of NodeMCU is shown in
figure-2.

Figure-2: The Pin diagram of NodeMCU.
2.3 OPTICAL DUST SENSOR:
Optical air quality sensor is used in this system
is Sharp’s GP2Y1010AU0F and is designed to sense dust
particles. The basic principle behind the sensor is an IR
diode and a photo transistor is diagonally arranged into
this device [5]. It allows it to detect the reflected light of
dust in air. It is detecting very fine particles and is used
in air purifier systems. It current consumption is (20mA
max, 11mA typical), and can be powered with up to
7VDC. The output of the sensor is an analog voltage
proportional to the measured dust density, with a
sensitivity of 0.5V/0.1mg/m3. Sensor figure and internal
schematic diagram shown in figure-3 and 4 respectively.
Dust density mg/m3 characteristics of optical dust
sensor is shown in figure-5
Figure-3: Optical dust sensor
Figure-4: Internal schematic diagram of Optical dust
sensor.
Figure-5: Dust density characteristics of optical dust
sensor.
2.3 Circuit Diagram:
Circuit diagram consist of NodeMCU with
ESP8266, and to get the things done from host controller
we need to connect NodeMCU 5v power supply and
ground it properly. The sensor connector having SIX pins
namely, V-LED, LED-GND, LED, S-GND, Vo and VCC. First
S-GND and LED-GND connected to ground pin of
NodeMCU. Vcc pin is connected to Vin pin of Node-MCU
then it connected to 5V power supply. V-LED connected
to power pin via 220hms and same pin connected to
capacitor 0.022mF then it connected to ground. V0 pin is
connected to analog channel of NodeMCU. LED pin is
connected to D0 pin of NodeMCU. The proposed circuit
diagram is shown in figure-6

Figure-6: The proposed circuit diagram of IoT based
dust monitoring system
3. SOFTWARE:
3.1 Arduino IDE: The proposed system’s software is
written in Arduino IDE. It is open software for many
microcontrollers based on Arduino environment. Before
writing the program for NodeMCU one need to install
supporting libraries. In main program we need to give
unique authentication token number which is provided
by Blynk server, and provide SSID and password of Wi-Fi
network. After developing the software then it compile
and upload into NodeMCU. The detailed software is given
below.
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>
char auth[] =
"4rBSz4Z7wIANpWkSF0VMQvILyxZGBi65";
char ssid[] = "1234567";
char pass[] = "12312322";
const int inputchannel = A0;
const float Const = 0.5;
static float zerodust = 0.7;
int rightmotor1 =D0;
BlynkTimer timer;
void myTimerEvent()
{
digitalWrite(rightmotor1,LOW);
delay(280);
int sensorData = analogRead(inputchannel);
digitalWrite(rightmotor1,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(9620);
float diffsen = sensorData - zerodust;
if (diffsen < 0 ) {
diffsen = 0;
zerodust = sensorData;
}
sensorData = sensorData / 1024.0 * 5.0;
float dustDensity = diffsen / Const * 100.0;
Blynk.virtualWrite(V5,dustDensity);
}
void setup()
{
pinMode(rightmotor1,OUTPUT);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
timer.setInterval(1000L, myTimerEvent);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
timer.run();
}
}
3.2 Blynk app:
Basically, Blynk is a Platform which support
Android apps to control many IoT developed boards like
Arduino, Raspberry Pi and the likes over the Internet.
One needs to install Blynk APP from Google play store.
Blynk is digital dashboard; here we can build a graphical
interface for various projects by simply dragging and
dropping widgets. The home screen of Blynk app is
shown in figure-7.

Figure-7: Blynk app widgets configuring screen
4. Results and Conclusion:
The system to monitor the dust density of air using
IoT technology is proposed in present work. By using
IoT technology it enhance the process of monitoring air
quality issues. Here the using of optical dust sensors
gives the sense of different type of particles present in
air. The same measured values are presented in Blynk
app, so that one can take precautions to avoid health
issues[7]. The proposed system over comes many
technical problems to connect cloud. And it provides the
easy way like plug and play model. The proposed system
“Design and Implementation of IoT based Portable
Outdoor dust density Monitoring System” is successfully
developed in our laboratory and tested. And found the
system is working satisfactorily. The proposed system is
shown in figure-8,9 and 10 respectively. As a future
scope, it may add many more parameters for air quality
monitoring.
Figure-8: IoT based dust monitoring system
Figure-9: IoT based dust monitoring system
Figure-10: Blynk app screen for dust monitoring
system
5. References
[1] A Boubrima, W Bechkit, and H Rivano 2017 A
new WSN deployment approach for air pollution
monitoring, 2017 14th IEEE Annu. Consum.
Commun. Netw. Conf. CCNC 2017, pp. 455–460
[2] B Bathiya 2016 Air Pollution Monitoring Using
Wireless Sensor Network 2016 IEEE
International WIE Conference on Electrical and
Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE) 19-21
December 2016
[3] Liu J. H. et al., "An Air Quality Monitoring System
for Urban Areas Based on the Technology of
Wireless Sensor Network," International Journal on
Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, vol. 5(1), pp.
191-214, 2012

[4] D Spirjakin, A M Baranov, and V Sleptsov
2015Designof smart dust sensor node for
combustible gas leakage monitoring Proc. 2015 Fed.
Conf. Comput. Sci. Inf. Syst. FedCSIS 2015, vol. 5, pp.
1279–1283, 2015
[5] SHARP Corporation, "Compact Optical Dust
Sensor," GP2Y1010AU0F Datasheet, Dec 2006.
[Revised on Dec 2016]
[6] J. Dutta, F. Gazi, S. Roy and C. Chowdhury,
"AirSense: Opportunistic Crowd-Sensing Based Air
Quality Monitoring System for Smart City," 2016
IEEE SENSORS, Orlando, FL, pp. 1-3, 2016
[7] J. Kahn, R. H. Katz, K. Pister, "Emerging
Challenges: Mobile Networking for Smart
Dust", Journal of Communications and Networks, vol.
2, no. 3, pp. 188-196, September 2000.

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