IRJET- Fitness Function as Trust Value using to Efficient Multipath Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Network
0 likes12 views
This paper proposes an energy efficient multipath routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. The protocol considers transmission power and remaining energy of nodes as energy metrics to select energy efficient paths and extend network lifetime. It is implemented using the NS-2 simulator. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol increases network lifetime and performance compared to the conventional AOMDV routing protocol by reducing energy consumption of mobile nodes. Key contributions are using transmission power control and residual energy calculation to select paths, and modifying the AOMDV route discovery process to include these energy metrics in route selection.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6507
FITNESS FUNCTION AS TRUST VALUE USING TO EFFICIENT MULTIPATH
ROUTING FOR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK
Anjali P#1, Jithin Jose Kallada#2
#1M.Tech Student, Nehru College of Engineering and Research Center, Pampady, Thrissur, Kerala, India
#2Assistant professor, Nehru College of Engineering and Research Center, Pampady, Thrissur,
Kerala, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Vitality utilization is a noteworthy issue in
promotion hoc networks since versatile hubsarebattery
controlled. In request to drag out the lifetimeofspecially
appointed systems, it is the most basic issue to limit the
vitality utilization of hubs. In this paper, we propose a
vitality effective multipath directing convention for
picking vitality effective way. This framework
additionally considerstransmissionintensityofhubsand
remaining vitality as vitality measurements so as to
boost the systemlifetime and tolessenvitalityutilization
of portable hubs. The goal of our proposed framework is
to locate an ideal course dependent on two vitality
measurements while picking a course to exchange
information parcels. This framework is executed by
utilizing NS-2.34. Recreation results demonstrate that
the proposed steering convention with transmission
power and lingering vitality control mode can broaden
the life expectancy of system and can accomplish higher
execution when contrasted with conventional specially
appointed ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance vector
(AOMDV) routing protocol.
Key Words: ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance
vector(AOMDV),transmissionpowercontrol,energy
efficient.
1. INTRODUCTION
Mobile ad-hoc network which is known as MANET is a
gathering of portable hubs with no pre-set up
framework shaping an impermanent system. Every
gadget in a MANET is allowed to move autonomously
toward any path, and will in this manner change its
connects to different gadgets much of the time. In light
of the restricted transmitter scope of the hubs, various
bounces might be expected to achieve other hubs.
Because of the portability of the hubs, the structure of
the system changes progressively[1].InMANET,every
hub partakes in directing by sending information for
different hubs, thus the assurance of which hubs
forward information is made progressively dependent
on the system availability.
Portable Ad Hoc systems discover its application in
numerous regions and are helpful for some cases.
Steering conventions in MANETs are grouped under
two noteworthy fields of conventions: Proactive or
table-driven and Reactive or on-request. Some of
receptive or on-request conventions are Dynamic
Source Routing (DSR), Ad-hoc On-request Distance
Vector Routing (AODV) and Ad-hoc Ondemand
Multipath Distance Vector Routing (AOMDV). These
conventions utilize a base bounce metric for picking a
course and don't think about vitality.DSRisabasicand
on-request directing convention for MANET. DSR
utilizes source courses to control the sending of
bundles through the organize [2].In [5], the creators
built up another directing calculation which named as
ECNC_AODV (Energy Limitation Node Cache) based
directing convention which is got from the AODV
convention andthiscalculationdependsonthepresent
vitality status of every hub and the reserved hub. The
creators in [6] proposed the calculation which
consolidates two of the vitality measurements and
incorporates these measurements into AODV in an
effective manner with the goal that the Ad hoc system
has a more noteworthy life time and the vitality
utilization over the hubs is diminished. In [7], the
creators proposed a vitality proficient multipath
directing convention for versatileimpromptusystems,
called MMRE-AOMDV, which expands the standard
AOMDV steering convention. The principle thought of
the convention is to locate the insignificant nodal
lingering vitality of each course in the course
determination process and mastermind multi-course
by dropping nodal leftover vitality. When another
coursewithmoreprominentnodalremainingvitalityis
developing, it is reselected to advance rest of the
information bundles. It can adjust singular hub's
vitality utilization and henceforth drag out the whole
system's lifetime. The creators [8] proposed an
enhanced vitality mindful steering called OEAR which
takes into account vitality of the hub and the quantity
of parcels supported in the hub while choosing the
course. The proposed OEAR finds the moststeadypath](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i5914-191014045636/85/IRJET-Fitness-Function-as-Trust-Value-using-to-Efficient-Multipath-Routing-for-Mobile-Ad-Hoc-Network-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6508
among the current ways from source to goal utilizing
on-request steering. The productive hub vitality use in
portable impromptu systems is a fundamental job.
Demise of hub because of vitality depleted in specially
appointed system prompts the system segment and
causes correspondence disappointment in the system.
Since vitality is restricted in remote versatile
impromptu systems, planning vitalitymindfulsteering
conventions has turned into a primary issue. Thepoint
of these conventions is to diminish the vitality
utilization of the portable hubs in the system so as to
amplify the lifetime of the system. Along these lines, in
light of a responsive and multipath steering, we
propose a new steering convention and furthermore
consider transmissionintensity of hubs andremaining
vitality as vitality measurements so as to expand the
system lifetime and to decrease vitality utilization of
versatile hubs.
2. PROPOSED WORK
In the conventional AOMDV, itconstructsvariousways
utilizing RREQs. It doesn't consider the vitality for
picking the ways. Here the proposed convention not
just thinks about lingering vitality yet in addition
transmission intensity of hubs in ways choice to
amplify the lifetime of systems. The proposed
framework comprises of three phases:
1. Control transmission control
2. Figure lingering vitality
3. Framework activity
2.1. TRANSMISSION POWER CONTROL
At the point when a hub gets a bundle from a neighbor,
the channel weakening is processed as the contrast of
the transmitted power Powertxmax what's more, the
got power Powerrx . The perfect transmission power
can be determined as pursues:
Powertx =Powertxmax–Power rx+Sr+Secth (1)
where Sr is the insignificant power level required for
right parcel gathering and Secth is the power included
to conquer the issue of shaky connections because of
channel variances [9]. So as to locate the ideal way, the
esteem Pcan be characterized as pursues: P = maxj
smaller than normal(RE/Powertx)(2)Theidealcourse
is dictated by utilizing the estimation of P described
previously. Among all attainableways,wepicktheway
with the most extreme esteem Pas the ideal course for
transmitting information bundles. Here RE is the
remaining vitality on the course and Powertx is the
transmission control.
2.2. REMAINING ENERGY CALCULATION
The leftover vitality is the rest of the vitality at each
hub which is the vitality left after the parcel
transmission. The leftover vitality REcan be
determined by utilizing the accompanying equation
RE = EI– EC (t) (3)
where EI is the underlying vitality of a hub and EC (t)is
vitality devoured by a hub after time t. All out vitality
utilization of all hubs is characterized as the
accompanying condition
TEC= N * Initial Energy – RE(4)
Here Nis meant as the quantity of hubs utilized in the
system.
2.3. TASK OF PROPOSED AOMDV
We haveproposedvitalitymindfulon-requeststeering
convention for picking vitality productive way. The
objective of our proposed AOMDV is to locate the ideal
course which can lessen the vitality utilization of
portable hubs andincrementthelifetimeofthesystem.
Thus, the possible courses dependent on remaining
vitality and transmission intensity of hubs as vitality
metric. This new plans has three stages.
2.3.1 Course Discovery
Our proposed AOMDV convention plays out a course
revelation process like the first AOMDV convention. At
the point when a source hub needs to send a bundle to
goal for which it does not as of now have a course, it
forward a course demand (RREQ) parcel to every one
of the neighbors over the system. Two extra fields
called transmission control Powertx also, lingering
vitality of hub RE are included the RREQ header data.
3 SIMULATION RESULTS](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i5914-191014045636/85/IRJET-Fitness-Function-as-Trust-Value-using-to-Efficient-Multipath-Routing-for-Mobile-Ad-Hoc-Network-2-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6509
4. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we propose an energy efficient
multipath routing protocol for choosing energy
efficient path. The proposed algorithm considers
transmission power of nodes and residual energy to
extend the network lifetime and reduce the energy
consumption of mobile nodes. This system is provided
to reduce energy consumption and end toend delay to
improve the network lifetime and throughput.
REFERENCES
[1] Anne Aaron, and JieWeng, “Performance
Comparison of Ad-hoc Routing Protocols for
Networks with Node Energy Constraints,”
International Journal of engineering and
technology, EE 360 Class Project Spring 2000-
2001.
[2] D. B. Johnson and D. A. Maltz, “Dynamic Source
Routing in Ad hoc Wireless Networks,” Mobile
Computing,vol.353,pp.153-181,KulwerAcademic
Publishers, 1996.
[3] C. E. Perkins, and E. M. Royer, “Ad-hocOn-Demand
Distance Vector Routing,” Proc. of 2nd IEEE
Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and
Applications, New Orleans, LA, pp. 90-100, 1999.
[4] Mahesh K. Marina, and Samir R. Das, “Ad hoc
on-demand multipath distance vector routing,”
Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing,
Vol 6, No. 7, pp. 969-988, November 2006.
[5] Dhiraj Nitnaware, and Ajay Verma, “Energy
Constraint Node Cache Based Routing Protocol
for Adhoc Network,” International Journal of
Wireless & Mobile Networks (IJWMN), Vol 2, No.
1, February 2010.
[6] Annapurna P Patil, Dr K Rajani kanth
BatheySharanya,MPDineshKumarandMalavikaJ,
“Design of an Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for
MANETs based on AODV,” IJCSI International
Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol 8, Issue 4,
No. 1, July 2011, ISSN (Online): 1694-0814.
[7] . Yumei Liu, Lili Guo, Huizhu Ma and Tao Jiang,
“Energy Efficient on-demand Multipath Routing
Protocol for Multi-hop Ad Hoc Networks,” 978-1-
4244-2204-3/08/ ©2008 IEEE..
[8] Seema Verma, Rekha Agarwal, and Pinki Nayak,
“An Optimized Energy Aware Routing (OEAR)
Scheme forMobileAdHocNetworksusingVariable
Transmission Range,” International Journal of
Computer Applications (0975-8887), Vol 45, No.
12, May 2012.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i5914-191014045636/85/IRJET-Fitness-Function-as-Trust-Value-using-to-Efficient-Multipath-Routing-for-Mobile-Ad-Hoc-Network-3-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6510
[9] ] P. Bergamo, “Distributed Power Control for
Energy Efficient Routing in Ad Hoc
Networks,”Wireless Networks, pp. 29-42, 2004.
[10] The VINT Project, “Network simulator _ ns2,”
http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v6i5914-191014045636/85/IRJET-Fitness-Function-as-Trust-Value-using-to-Efficient-Multipath-Routing-for-Mobile-Ad-Hoc-Network-4-320.jpg)
IRJET- Fitness Function as Trust Value using to Efficient Multipath Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Network
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6507 FITNESS FUNCTION AS TRUST VALUE USING TO EFFICIENT MULTIPATH ROUTING FOR MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK Anjali P#1, Jithin Jose Kallada#2 #1M.Tech Student, Nehru College of Engineering and Research Center, Pampady, Thrissur, Kerala, India #2Assistant professor, Nehru College of Engineering and Research Center, Pampady, Thrissur, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Vitality utilization is a noteworthy issue in promotion hoc networks since versatile hubsarebattery controlled. In request to drag out the lifetimeofspecially appointed systems, it is the most basic issue to limit the vitality utilization of hubs. In this paper, we propose a vitality effective multipath directing convention for picking vitality effective way. This framework additionally considerstransmissionintensityofhubsand remaining vitality as vitality measurements so as to boost the systemlifetime and tolessenvitalityutilization of portable hubs. The goal of our proposed framework is to locate an ideal course dependent on two vitality measurements while picking a course to exchange information parcels. This framework is executed by utilizing NS-2.34. Recreation results demonstrate that the proposed steering convention with transmission power and lingering vitality control mode can broaden the life expectancy of system and can accomplish higher execution when contrasted with conventional specially appointed ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance vector (AOMDV) routing protocol. Key Words: ad-hoc on-demand multipath distance vector(AOMDV),transmissionpowercontrol,energy efficient. 1. INTRODUCTION Mobile ad-hoc network which is known as MANET is a gathering of portable hubs with no pre-set up framework shaping an impermanent system. Every gadget in a MANET is allowed to move autonomously toward any path, and will in this manner change its connects to different gadgets much of the time. In light of the restricted transmitter scope of the hubs, various bounces might be expected to achieve other hubs. Because of the portability of the hubs, the structure of the system changes progressively[1].InMANET,every hub partakes in directing by sending information for different hubs, thus the assurance of which hubs forward information is made progressively dependent on the system availability. Portable Ad Hoc systems discover its application in numerous regions and are helpful for some cases. Steering conventions in MANETs are grouped under two noteworthy fields of conventions: Proactive or table-driven and Reactive or on-request. Some of receptive or on-request conventions are Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad-hoc On-request Distance Vector Routing (AODV) and Ad-hoc Ondemand Multipath Distance Vector Routing (AOMDV). These conventions utilize a base bounce metric for picking a course and don't think about vitality.DSRisabasicand on-request directing convention for MANET. DSR utilizes source courses to control the sending of bundles through the organize [2].In [5], the creators built up another directing calculation which named as ECNC_AODV (Energy Limitation Node Cache) based directing convention which is got from the AODV convention andthiscalculationdependsonthepresent vitality status of every hub and the reserved hub. The creators in [6] proposed the calculation which consolidates two of the vitality measurements and incorporates these measurements into AODV in an effective manner with the goal that the Ad hoc system has a more noteworthy life time and the vitality utilization over the hubs is diminished. In [7], the creators proposed a vitality proficient multipath directing convention for versatileimpromptusystems, called MMRE-AOMDV, which expands the standard AOMDV steering convention. The principle thought of the convention is to locate the insignificant nodal lingering vitality of each course in the course determination process and mastermind multi-course by dropping nodal leftover vitality. When another coursewithmoreprominentnodalremainingvitalityis developing, it is reselected to advance rest of the information bundles. It can adjust singular hub's vitality utilization and henceforth drag out the whole system's lifetime. The creators [8] proposed an enhanced vitality mindful steering called OEAR which takes into account vitality of the hub and the quantity of parcels supported in the hub while choosing the course. The proposed OEAR finds the moststeadypath
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6508 among the current ways from source to goal utilizing on-request steering. The productive hub vitality use in portable impromptu systems is a fundamental job. Demise of hub because of vitality depleted in specially appointed system prompts the system segment and causes correspondence disappointment in the system. Since vitality is restricted in remote versatile impromptu systems, planning vitalitymindfulsteering conventions has turned into a primary issue. Thepoint of these conventions is to diminish the vitality utilization of the portable hubs in the system so as to amplify the lifetime of the system. Along these lines, in light of a responsive and multipath steering, we propose a new steering convention and furthermore consider transmissionintensity of hubs andremaining vitality as vitality measurements so as to expand the system lifetime and to decrease vitality utilization of versatile hubs. 2. PROPOSED WORK In the conventional AOMDV, itconstructsvariousways utilizing RREQs. It doesn't consider the vitality for picking the ways. Here the proposed convention not just thinks about lingering vitality yet in addition transmission intensity of hubs in ways choice to amplify the lifetime of systems. The proposed framework comprises of three phases: 1. Control transmission control 2. Figure lingering vitality 3. Framework activity 2.1. TRANSMISSION POWER CONTROL At the point when a hub gets a bundle from a neighbor, the channel weakening is processed as the contrast of the transmitted power Powertxmax what's more, the got power Powerrx . The perfect transmission power can be determined as pursues: Powertx =Powertxmax–Power rx+Sr+Secth (1) where Sr is the insignificant power level required for right parcel gathering and Secth is the power included to conquer the issue of shaky connections because of channel variances [9]. So as to locate the ideal way, the esteem Pcan be characterized as pursues: P = maxj smaller than normal(RE/Powertx)(2)Theidealcourse is dictated by utilizing the estimation of P described previously. Among all attainableways,wepicktheway with the most extreme esteem Pas the ideal course for transmitting information bundles. Here RE is the remaining vitality on the course and Powertx is the transmission control. 2.2. REMAINING ENERGY CALCULATION The leftover vitality is the rest of the vitality at each hub which is the vitality left after the parcel transmission. The leftover vitality REcan be determined by utilizing the accompanying equation RE = EI– EC (t) (3) where EI is the underlying vitality of a hub and EC (t)is vitality devoured by a hub after time t. All out vitality utilization of all hubs is characterized as the accompanying condition TEC= N * Initial Energy – RE(4) Here Nis meant as the quantity of hubs utilized in the system. 2.3. TASK OF PROPOSED AOMDV We haveproposedvitalitymindfulon-requeststeering convention for picking vitality productive way. The objective of our proposed AOMDV is to locate the ideal course which can lessen the vitality utilization of portable hubs andincrementthelifetimeofthesystem. Thus, the possible courses dependent on remaining vitality and transmission intensity of hubs as vitality metric. This new plans has three stages. 2.3.1 Course Discovery Our proposed AOMDV convention plays out a course revelation process like the first AOMDV convention. At the point when a source hub needs to send a bundle to goal for which it does not as of now have a course, it forward a course demand (RREQ) parcel to every one of the neighbors over the system. Two extra fields called transmission control Powertx also, lingering vitality of hub RE are included the RREQ header data. 3 SIMULATION RESULTS
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6509 4. CONCLUSION In this paper, we propose an energy efficient multipath routing protocol for choosing energy efficient path. The proposed algorithm considers transmission power of nodes and residual energy to extend the network lifetime and reduce the energy consumption of mobile nodes. This system is provided to reduce energy consumption and end toend delay to improve the network lifetime and throughput. REFERENCES [1] Anne Aaron, and JieWeng, “Performance Comparison of Ad-hoc Routing Protocols for Networks with Node Energy Constraints,” International Journal of engineering and technology, EE 360 Class Project Spring 2000- 2001. [2] D. B. Johnson and D. A. Maltz, “Dynamic Source Routing in Ad hoc Wireless Networks,” Mobile Computing,vol.353,pp.153-181,KulwerAcademic Publishers, 1996. [3] C. E. Perkins, and E. M. Royer, “Ad-hocOn-Demand Distance Vector Routing,” Proc. of 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, New Orleans, LA, pp. 90-100, 1999. [4] Mahesh K. Marina, and Samir R. Das, “Ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector routing,” Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, Vol 6, No. 7, pp. 969-988, November 2006. [5] Dhiraj Nitnaware, and Ajay Verma, “Energy Constraint Node Cache Based Routing Protocol for Adhoc Network,” International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks (IJWMN), Vol 2, No. 1, February 2010. [6] Annapurna P Patil, Dr K Rajani kanth BatheySharanya,MPDineshKumarandMalavikaJ, “Design of an Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for MANETs based on AODV,” IJCSI International Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol 8, Issue 4, No. 1, July 2011, ISSN (Online): 1694-0814. [7] . Yumei Liu, Lili Guo, Huizhu Ma and Tao Jiang, “Energy Efficient on-demand Multipath Routing Protocol for Multi-hop Ad Hoc Networks,” 978-1- 4244-2204-3/08/ ©2008 IEEE.. [8] Seema Verma, Rekha Agarwal, and Pinki Nayak, “An Optimized Energy Aware Routing (OEAR) Scheme forMobileAdHocNetworksusingVariable Transmission Range,” International Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887), Vol 45, No. 12, May 2012.
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 05 | May 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6510 [9] ] P. Bergamo, “Distributed Power Control for Energy Efficient Routing in Ad Hoc Networks,”Wireless Networks, pp. 29-42, 2004. [10] The VINT Project, “Network simulator _ ns2,” http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/.