IRJET-Smart Controlling and Monitoring of Water System

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 908
SMART CONTROLLING AND MONITORING OF WATER SYSTEM
1Divyashree M H, 2 M H Hemanth Kumar
1Mtech in Computer Applications in Industrial Drives, Dept of EEE, National Institute of Engineering,
Karnataka, India
2 Assistant professor, Dept of EEE, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Noida , India
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Abstract: Commonly, we see water leaking in our homes,
in public areas and colonies. A small steady water leak can
cause a loss of 2, 26,800 liters of water per year. Unless we
are aware and conscious of water wastage we will not be
able to avail the basic quantity of water that we need to
carry on with our normal lives. In this project, we are trying
to minimize the over flow of water tank by controlling the
valve using embedded systems. As water being an essential
need for humans, it is also one of most under prioritized but
over abused commodity. Water is central to our planning
while we rapidly evolve into an urban society. Through time,
early societies understood the importance and need for
water and planned their lives around it. Civilization were
born and lost on account of water. Today, we have the
advantage of this knowledge and we still fail to valve it and
plan our society. Water has been wasted in several ways out
of which leakage is also one of the factors.
1. INTRODUCTION
The present world has seen the introduction of a
technology that has radically changed the way in which we
analyze and control the world around us and that is the
technology of replacing man by machines. It could be
either in industry or domestic area. Water is the basic
element for the life of all living organism on this world
including human beings. Human being use water for
various activities of every day’s life such as agricultural
activities, Industrial activities and household activities. As
per the ministry of water resource, India has 18% of the
world’s population, but it has only 4% of total usable
water resource. It is estimated that water used for
household activities itself constitutes around 8% of Global
water usage.
1.1 Problem definition
In case of residences, water is stored in both overhead
tank and underground tank .The underground tank acts as
a reservoir for the house. The water is getting wasted in
these tanks due to the overflow of water or negligence of
manual on/off of the motor. When the water level is very
low in the reservoir the motor will absorb the air due to
which the motor gets damaged. In case of the absence of
house members for a long time, the water gets
contaminated this is not preferable to use. The overhead
tank is empty even though the reservoir is filled when
there is no supply. Thus we have taken up this project to
conserve water and to enable complete automation of the
water system.
1.2 Objective of the project
The aim of the project is to minimize the wastage of water,
incorporate an interactive medium between the user and
the machine and to prevent the over labor of the pumping
machine and to prevent it from getting damaged. This is
achieved by placing electrodes at different levels such as
very low, low, medium and high to know the water level of
both the tanks which helps in filling both the tank
simultaneously. By checking water condition in both tanks
automatic on and off of inlet valve as well as motor is to be
done using embedded system. Sensing the different water
levels of both tanks microcontroller sends signal to motor
and inlet valve for automatic operation .and in the absence
of user for long time monitoring the water tanks with
status is to be done using GSM module. Thus we have
entitled this project as “Smart controlling and monitoring
of water system” which gives complete status of water
system even in absence of user and operates
automatically.
Water level is detected using electrodes which are placed
in both the tanks. when 5v or 12v supply is given if the
electrode touches water it conducts and gives signal to the
control unit there in the LED of the level blink and the
same is displayed in the LCD board. For example if the
water in the sump is high it full the top most electrode
senses it and sends signal there In all the LEDs of sump
glows. Simultaneously if the overhead tank has medium
level water the electrode placed in the middle level of tank
conducts there in d0,d1,d2 LEDs glow. At the same time
the position of both motor and inlet valve whether it is on
or off is displayed in the LCD display.
2. Overview of the Project
The aim of the project is to minimize water wastage, to
release user from operating water system and to have
efficient water in both tanks which depends on water
levels. Thus there is need for control system which takes
input from electrodes and produces controlling action on
motor and inlet valve and monitors the entire system.
Thus the general block diagram of our project will be as
shown in figure 2.1

Figure 2.1: Block diagram of the project
2.1 Operating principle
The project deals with the control on/off of motor and
inlet valve of a residence. The control of water flow to
underground is carried out by controlling the solenoid
valve which is similar to an electric on-off switch and
control of water to overhead tank is carried out by
controlling motor which pump water to overhead tank
from underground tank. The state of solenoid valve is
controlled by microcontroller which is programmed to
receive data input from sensors and produce output to the
relay drive which in turn controls the solenoid valve.
The connections and arrangements are made as shown in
the figure above. The +9V is supplied to water using metal
contact. In this circuit all the transistors are working as a
switch. When the water touches the metal contact in
which base of each transistor is connected, a small current
flows and turns on the transistor. When a transistor turns
on, LED connected toit glows. Thus LEDs will be turned on
depending upon the level of water. By using a relay we can
also control the level of water.
2.2 Hardware and software requirements
The hardware components used in the project decides the
proper operation of the project. Thus selection and design
of each components of the project shown in the circuit
diagram in the figure 2.2 plays an important role in proper
working of the project. From the selection of sensor to
major parts such as solenoid valve, microcontroller is very
important in the design procedure. The table 2 shows the
software used along with its purpose. The coordination of
both hardware and software is very much necessary in
actual operation of project and in order to meet the
objectives of the project. The table 3 shows the hardware
components required for the project along with exact
model selected .Since the project is based on programming
the microcontroller, several software tools are being used
throughout the project starting from programming and
display.
Fig. 2.2 Complete circuit diagram of the project.
Table -1: water level status of the tank
Table- 2: software tools used

Table -3: The hardware components required for this
project
2.3 Flow chart of project design:
The most important part of programming a
microcontroller is to design the flowchart with complete
flow of the control action, inputs and outputs. The flow
chart of project is as shown in figure 2.3.
2 .4 Benefits of the proposed system
The benefits of the proposed system are as follows
 Reduces man power and time: as the tanks fills
we need to turn of the motor manually there it
needs consciousness and time to operate using
controller we can save both user energy and time.
 Conservation of water: the main advantage of
the product is we can save water from
overflowing, by automatic control.
 Status of tanks: without actually opening the
tanks using controller we come to know the level
in both reservoir and overhead tank which helps
user to use water effectively without wasting it.
 Compatible system: the proposed system is
compatible with existing one as only change that
needs to be made to implement this system is to
connect a valve in series with the existing
pipeline.
 Ensures sufficient water in both tanks: as both
the tanks are filled simultaneously it ensures
sufficient water for households if power fails also.
 Control through mobile: in the absence of user
in the premises he/she can control the system
using mobile to ensure sufficient water after
returning.
Fig 2.3 the flow chart of project
3. CONCLUSION
We can conclude from the testing process of that project
can do the complete automation of the water flow system
in a smart and in a cost reliable way. We can control the
inlet pipe of the water coming from the main supply from
the government water distribution supply. This is a new
technology that we have found to control the water flow
rate in underground tank along with the overhead tank.
A new idea for controlling the inlet pipe valve and motor
is by using GSM module. This is used when is user is out of
station say for 10 days ,he can make use of this GSM
technology to stop the inlet valve i.e. to stop the water
supply so that the water is not contaminated because of
long duration storage. Using GSM the user can also shut
down the complete system just in seconds by using his
mobile which reduce electricity cost also. The main goal of
this project which is the conservation of water is thus
achieved.
With advancement in the field of technology the life style
of people has changed such that it results in scarcity of
resources available for the further use. But this work
proves that the same advancement in technology can be
used for better utilization of available resources. The
control system developed not only helps in conservation
of water but also in friendly operation of system.

3.1 Future Scope
 The proposed system is for control and monitor of
water system, but this system can be further
expanded for different sectors like school, hotels,
apartments, hospitals etc.
 Another important application of this technology is
used in watering agricultural fields. Say when there
are four fields with different paths which have to be
watered for a particular field can be controlled using
the solenoid valve.
 The water supply can be limited to every house using
this method we can restrict the over usage of water.
 Using the temperature sensors, this project can also
be extended for the distribution of hot water in the
apartments.
REFERENCES
[1] Automatic Water Level Sensor and Controller
System,Beza Negash Getu, Hussain A. Attia,American
University of Ras Al Khaimah,Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
[2]Software for triggering circuits using pic16F877A
microcontroller kashif adhami.
[3] S. M. Khaled Reza, Shah Ahsanuzzaman Md. Tariq, S.M.
Mohsin Reza ,“Microcontroller Based Automated Water
Level Sensing and Controlling: Design and Implementation
Issue”, 0, San Francisco, USA .
[4] Ria Sood, Manjit Kaur, Hemant Lenka , “ DESIGN AND
DEVELOPMENT OF AUTOMATIC WATER FLOWMETER”,
Mohali, India.
[5] Sanam Pudasaini, Anuj Pathak, Sukirti Dhakal, Milan
Paudel,”Automatic Water Level Controller with Short
Messaging Service (SMS) Notification”, Kathmandu
University, Nepal.

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