Java networking

JAVA
Networking
Prepared by
Miss. Arati A. Gadgil

Java– Networking
The term network programming refers to writing programs
that execute across multiple devices (computers), in which the
devices are all connected to each other using a network
The java.net package provides support for the two common
network protocols:
•TCP: TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol, which
allows for reliable communication between two applications.
TCP is typically used over the Internet Protocol, which is
referred to as TCP/IP.
•UDP: UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol, a connection-
less protocol that allows for packets of data to be transmitted
between applications. 2

Java Networking Terminology
IP Address: It is a logical address that can be changed
Protocol : TCP ,FTP ,Telnet ,SMTP ,POP etc.
Port Number : The port number is associated with the IP
address for communication between two applications.
MAC Address : MAC (Media Access Control) Address is a
unique identifier of NIC (Network Interface Controller).
Connection-oriented and connection-less protocol Socket:
In connection-oriented protocol, acknowledgement is sent by
the receiver. So it is reliable but slow. The example of
connection-oriented protocol is TCP.
But, in connection-less protocol, acknowledgement is not sent
by the receiver. So it is not reliable but fast. The example of
connection-less protocol is UDP
3

Java – URL
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator and represents a
resource on the World Wide Web, such as a Web page or FTP
directory.

4

A URL contains many information:
Protocol
Server name or IP Address
Port Number
File Name or directory name
Port Number is an optional attribute.If port number is not
mentioned in the URL, it returns -1.
5

Java URLConnection class
The Java URLConnection class represents a communication
link between the URL and the application. This class can be
used to read and write data to the specified resource referred
by the URL.
public URLConnection openConnection()throws IOException
{ }
6

Socket class
A socket is simply an endpoint for communications
between the machines. The Socket class can be used to
create a socket.
1)public InputStream getInputStream()
returns the InputStream attached with this socket.
2) public OutputStream getOutputStream()
returns the OutputStream attached with this socket.
3) public synchronized void close()
closes this socket 7

8
ServerSocket class
The ServerSocket class can be used to create a server socket.
This object is used to establish communication with the
clients.
Methods
1) public Socket accept()
returns the socket and establish a connection between server
and client.
2) public synchronized void close()
closes the server socket.

Java DatagramSocket class
Java DatagramSocket class represents a connection-less socket
for sending and receiving datagram packets.
A datagram is basically an information but there is no
guarantee of its content, arrival or arrival time.
Constructors:
DatagramSocket() throws SocketEeption: it creates a
datagram socket and binds it with the available Port Number
on the localhost machine.
DatagramSocket(int port) throws SocketEeption: it creates
a datagram socket and binds it with the given Port Number.
DatagramSocket(int port, InetAddress address) throws
SocketEeption: it creates a datagram socket and binds it with
the specified port number and host address. 9

Java DatagramPacket class
Java DatagramPacket is a message that can be sent or
received. If you send multiple packet, it may arrive in any
order. Additionally, packet delivery is not guaranteed.
Constructors
DatagramPacket(byte[] barr, int length): it creates a
datagram packet. This constructor is used to receive the
packets.
DatagramPacket(byte[] barr, int length, InetAddress
address, int port): it creates a datagram packet. This
constructor is used to send the packets. 10

Java networking

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