Cognitivism replaced behaviorism and focuses on how people's thoughts influence their actions. It explores how the brain interprets and learns about the world. Key theorists who influenced cognitivism include Piaget, who studied child development, and Kohlberg, who researched moral development and proposed six stages of moral reasoning. Cognitivism has applications for both teachers and students. For teachers, it can help them understand how to best convey information and check for understanding. For students, cognitivism can help them learn how to study and interpret information effectively.