Knowledge and curriculum unit 6
- 1. KNOWLEDGE AND CURRICULUM UNIT 6 MEANING AND NATURE OF CURRICULUM
- 2. UNIT 6 Meaning, Definition and Concept of Curriculum – Structure of the Curriculum – Dynamics of Curriculum – Changing concept of Curriculum
- 3. CURRICULUM-MEANING • It is derived from the Latin word ‘CURRERE’ • CURRERE – Race Course / Runway. • In the education field --- work field of student a course of study a kind of route which the learner travels • All the activities going on within the school or outside the school makes the curriculum.
- 4. CURRICULUM-MEANING • It is the basis for the intellectual, physical, moral and emotional development of the child • It can be defined as a plan for action or a written document which includes strategies for achieving desired goals or ends • Schools or Universities cannot exist without a curriculum • Curriculum refers to the “total learning experiences of individuals not only in school but society as well”
- 5. DEFINITIONS • “It is a tool in hands of the artist(teacher) to mould his material(pupil) according to his ideal(objective) in his studio(school)” – Cunninghom • “Curriculum includes all those activities which are utilized by a school to attain the aims of education” – Munroe
- 6. POINT OF VIEW • For student – It is the thing the teacher make us learn • For teacher – The course of study provided us to follow • For Principal – The course for which units of are given • For Parent – The facts that are in the text book • Curriculum is the heart of schooling.
- 7. POINT OF VIEW • For student – It is the thing the teacher make us learn • For teacher – The course of study provided us to follow • For Principal – The course for which units of are given • For Parent – The facts that are in the text book • Curriculum is the heart of schooling.
- 8. CHARACTERISTICS • Fulfillment of objectives • Determined by factors – Social, Human development, Nature of learning and nature of knowledge • Cater individual differences • Pre-planned but can be changed • It is a blue print • It is a tool in hands of a teacher • More than teaching and learning • Describe environment in motion • All learning inside and outside school
- 9. CONCEPT OF CURRICULUM • It is made up of its philosophical, historical, psychological and social foundations. • It has four ways of approaching---- curriculum • As a body of knowledge to be transmitted • As a product • As a process • As a practice
- 10. CONCEPT OF CURRICULUM It includes the following • It is dynamic as the changes that occur in the society. • Systematic group of courses or sequence of subject. • A general overall plan of the content • A body of prescribed educative experiences We can list the following common concepts of curriculum • Scope and Sequence • Syllabus • Content outline • Standards • Textbooks • Course of study • Planned experiences
- 11. STRUCTURE OF CURRICULUM Curriculum consists of five basic components. They are considered to be the major elements of a curriculum. They are 1. Learner and Society 2. Aims and Objectives 3. Content or Subject matter 4. Teaching Methods 5. Evaluation Any alteration in one component of the system (sub- system),brings changes in the functioning of other components
- 12. STRUCTURE OF CURRICULUM The structure of the curriculum with its inter-related and interactive elements, could be presented diagrammatically as given below Learner & Society Objective Methods Evaluation Content
- 13. STRUCTURE OF CURRICULUM Learner and Society: -concerned with the learner and the society in which he or she lives. Aims and Objectives: -reflect the needs of the learner and society -basis for selection of subject matter & subject experiences Content or Subject Matter: -facts, concepts, principles organized in such a manner to help the learner achieve the aims and objectives Teaching Methods: -the techniques and methods chosen by the teacher to present the subject-matter Evaluation: -it measures the learning outcomes of the learner
- 14. DYNAMICS OF CURRICULUM • Dynamics means ‘Movement / Change’ • Dynamics of Curriculum -refers to the forces or the factor that effect changes in it. -changes in curriculum according to the needs of the society’s new innovation and new education policy on education. • These issues as follows - societal needs - new innovation - new education policy - individual needs - socio-political needs - evaluation of curriculum
- 15. DYNAMICS OF CURRICULUM • Societal needs - Needs and demands of the society is always changing - curriculum is dynamic and is meant to serve the society • New innovation - to work together for the development of the society - classroom teaching –learning process should be changed in accordance with new technology • New education policy - the curriculum has to be changed to meet the new objectives
- 16. DYNAMICS OF CURRICULUM • Individual needs - the student’s needs & demands are also changing. - curriculum designed for them- for their development should be changed • Socio-Political factors - socio, political and economical are important factors • Evaluation of Curriculum - according to their feedback and comments, changes are introduced in the curriculum - some subjects may be introduced or already existing subjects may be modified
- 17. CHANGING CONCEPTS OF CURRICULUM • Concept of curriculum could be categorized into three heads/approach 1. Content ( Programme) 2. Process (Experiences) 3. Product (Learning Outcomes)
- 18. CHANGING CONCEPTS OF CURRICULUM • Curriculum as a Plan or Programme 1. Curriculum as a subjects of study – It refers to the listing of the subjects for each class 2. Curriculum as a Students’ learning experiences – This approach advocates the activities and the resultant learning experiences constitute the curriculum 3. Curriculum as a Guidance for learning – It helps to solve individual learner’s problems
- 19. CHANGING CONCEPTS OF CURRICULUM • Curriculum as Intended Learning Outcomes(ILO) - ILO usually expressed as behavioral objectives in terms of cognitive, affective and psychomotor knowledge - There are 6 constituents of a curriculum for developing essential humanity in man. They are 1.Elementary Physical Skills 2.Basic Social Skills 3.Ability to use symbols 4.Constructive Activities 5.Play and Leisure time activities 6.More responsibility
- 20. CHANGING CONCEPTS OF CURRICULUM • Curriculum as the functions of the Public School 1. Curriculum as a for transmission of culture 2. Curriculum as a tool for social change 3. Curriculum as total life experience
- 21. CONCLUSION • Curriculum denotes the totally of learning experiences of the children in educational institution. • The nature of curriculum is all the experience provided by the school under the guidance of teachers and educational administrators. • A general overall plan of the content or specific materials of instruction that the college should offer the student by way of qualifying him for graduation is one of the concept of curriculum.