Sculpture in the late 19th century focused on realism and expression, depicting contemporary subjects. Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux sculpted Ugolino and His Children showing suffering. Augustus Saint-Gaudens' Adams Memorial memorialized the president with dignity. Auguste Rodin was a representative sculptor known for works like Walking Man and Burghers of Calais capturing movement and emotion.
The Arts and Crafts Movement was influenced by Ruskin and Morris's ideas and focused on aesthetic functional objects. William Morris' Green Dining Room and the Ingram Street Tea Room showed this preference. Art Nouveau featured organic nature forms in architecture, like Gaudi's Casa Mila and