Lecture # 01 (introduction to research

Introduction to…
Media Research
Prof. Dr. Akhlas Ahmed
Lecture # 01, July 2nd 2014
Greenwich University

DEFINE MEDIA…
 Plural form of medium.
 The most powerful tool of communication.
 Promoting the right thing on right time.
 Gives a real exposure to mass audiences about
what is right or wrong.
 Constructive role to play for the society.
 Recognize as mouthpiece of social issues.
 Examples are Newspapers, Radio, TV, Internet

MASS MEDIA
 The mass media are diversified media
technologies that are intended to reach a
large audience by mass communication.
 The technologies through which this
communication takes place varies.
 Public speaking and event organizing can
also be considered as forms of mass
media.

MASS MEDIA
 The organizations that control these
technologies, such as television stations
or publishing companies, are also known
as the mass media.
 TV ads that link to a website, or
distributing a QR Code in print or outdoor
media to direct a mobile user to a
website.

MASS MEDIA
 Telephone is a two way communication
device, mass media refers to medium
which can communicate a message to a
large group, often simultaneously.
 Modern cell phones are equipped with
internet access and capable of
connecting to the web which itself is a
mass medium.

TYPES OF MEDIA
1. Print - From the late 15th century
2. Recordings - from the late 19th century
3. Cinema - from about 1900
4. Radio - from about 1910
5. Television - from about 1950
6. Internet - from about 1990
7. Mobile Phones - from about 2000
8. Video Games - from about 2000

TYPES OF MEDIA…
 Print Media
 Electronic Media
 Broadcasting Media
 Telecasting Media
 Digital Media
 New Media
 Interactive Media
 Social Media

PRINT MEDIA
 From the late 15th century
 Print media use a physical object such as
a newspaper, book, pamphlet or comics,
magazines, business directories, yellow
pages to distribute their information.

BROADCAST MEDIA
 The 4th and 5th radio and TV, as
broadcast media
 Broadcast media such as radio, recorded
music, film and television transmit their
information electronically.
 Cable programs are often broadcast for
limited audience.

TELECAST MEDIA
 Television…
 Entertainment Channels
 News Channels
 Sports channels
 Religious Channels
 Information Channels
 Educational Channels

OUTDOOR MEDIA
 Outdoor media is a form of mass media
that comprises billboards, signs or
placards placed inside and outside of
commercial buildings, sports stadiums,
shops and buses.
 Other outdoor media include flying
billboards (signs in tow of airplanes),
blimps, and skywriting.

ELECTRONIC MEDIA
 Radio from about 1910 Television from
about 1950 Internet from about 1990
Mobile phones from about 2000
 Electronic media is a form of mass media
that comprises radio, television, internet
(email, web), Mobile.

DIGITAL MEDIA
 The sixth and seventh media, internet
and mobile, are often called collectively
as digital media
 The digital media comprises both Internet
and mobile mass communication.

INTERNET MEDIA
 the Internet includes web sites, blogs,
podcasts, and various other technologies
built on top of the general distribution
network.
 Internet media also provides many mass
media services, such as email, websites,
blogs, and internet based radio and
television.

VIDEO GAMES AS MEDIA
 The video games is a form of mass
medium. Video games convey the same
messages to all users.
 Users sometimes share the experience
with each other by playing online globally.
 Playing video games are communicating
a common messages to the various
players.

FILM AS RECORDING MEDIUM
 Film encompasses motion pictures, the
name comes from the photographic film.
 Primary medium for recording and
displaying motion pictures.
 Many other terms exist the silver screen,
photoplays, the cinema, picture shows,
flicks—and commonly movies.
 Films are produced by recording people,
objects with cameras using animation
techniques. Film comprise a series of
individual frames, but when these images
are shown rapidly in succession, the illusion
of motion is given to the viewer.

RESEACH
 Verb
 The systematic investigation into
 Study of materials and sources in order to
establish facts
 Reach new conclusion

Some Important Questions
 What is research?
 Why it is so important?
 When will research process commence?
 What is the need of a research?
 Where to do the research?
 How to start the research?
 What types of research are there?
 What ethical considerations are there when conducting
research?
 How might research findings be used?

4W & 1H
Your…
Research Project !

RESEARCH
PROCESS…
SERIES OF STEPS which make up
research from the development of an
idea to the completed research paper.

Research Process
 Ordered set of activities focused on…
 systematic collection of information
 using accepted methods of analysis
 as a basis for drawing conclusions
 and making recommendations.

There are five basic steps of
any research process
 Research Process…
1. Defining Research Needs
2. Developing a Research Strategy
3. Conducting Research
4. Evaluating Resources
5. Incorporating Resources

 First step in any process is
defining what you need…
1. Describe your research need
through developing any
hypothesis.(an idea that attempts to explain
something but has not yet been tested or proved
to be correct)
2. Distinguish between different
types of resources to decide
which to use.
FIRST STEP
DEFINING RESEARCH NEEDS

 Understand your assignment
 Think different problematic issues
 Identify a real problem
 Pick manageable task
 Suggest suitable title for research
 Turn idea into research questions.
 Discuss your idea with others
 Define research topic explain idea
as project summary
 Distinguish between different types
of resources to decide which to use.
 Make vision for your project
 Develop aims & objectives or goals
for your research project
 Write down project summary
 Find the best resources suitable for
your assignment.
Defining Research Need

 Second step in any research
process is developing research
strategy…
1. Build a key word search
2. Brainstorming search terms to
get the most relevant
information.
SECOND STEP
DEVELOPING RESEARCH STRATEGY

 Visualize what exact information
you need. Find out the ways &
means for the research. Make plan
which kind of resources would you
like to utilize for research project.
 A good search strategy will help
you in writing a research procedure,
formulating research methodology &
research mission statement (action
plan).
Developing
Research Strategy
 Build a list of important keyword
 Discuss these key words, find out
the keyword synonyms , consider
word spellings, forms & structure,
brainstorm the research concept
 The success of a search depends
on the keywords you use in your
research and how you combine
them.

THIRD STEP
CONDUCTING THE SEARCH
 Third step in any process is
conducting the search…
1. Start searching info
2. Review literatures
3. Plan research samples
4. Conduct surveys
5. Keep interviews
6. Link to useful websites

 Visit university library…
 Find books, magazines, journals in
the libraries catalog
 Find articles through newspaper
catalog
 Find any reputable digital library…
 Select valuable search engine
 Choose good web portal or website
 Use online dictionaries, literatures,
encyclopedias, presentations, word
docs for the access of information
 There is no shortage of information sources at your disposal! A
variety of options are available, including books, periodicals, and
web sites. Your job is to sift through the information glut and find
the best resources for your assignments.
 Let's talk about the strengths and weaknesses of the different
types of information sources: books, scholarly journals, popular
magazines, and the Internet. Double check the whole research
concept , design and process

FOURTH STEP
EVALUATING RESOURCES
 Fourth step in any research
process is evaluating resources…
1. Evaluating all info extracted
from database, articles, books,
periodicals, journals etc.
2. Analyze collected info from web

 Sort out relevant info from articles,
books, catalogues, magazines…
 You'll encounter articles that
come from two different
sources: popular magazines
and scholarly journals.
 Select useful information…
 To save time, evaluate the
books, articles, and web sites
you find to be sure they are
relevant to your research topic
 Many students try to "force" resources to fit their assignments
instead of continuing to search until they find resources that really
fit.
 Trying to force quotations and facts that don't fit into a project
outline takes a lot of time. Even if you can stick them in
somewhere, the result is an assignment that seems poorly
planned.

FIFTH STEP
INCORPORATING RESOURCES
 Fifth step of research process is
incorporating resources…
1. First understanding plagiarism
2. Integrating your research data
3. Cite your sources
4. Give references

 Understanding Plagiarism…
 Copying someone else's words
without using quotation marks
 Quoting someone else's words
inaccurately
 Citing the wrong source
 Integrating your Research…
 To integrate the new
information into your written
project thesis presentation and
power point presentation after
analysis and interpreting data.
 Cite your Sources…
 To create in-text citations in
Final Research Report formats.
 Last to create Reference List

Presenting…
a professional presentation at auditorium
in conference / seminar / worshop

KEEP ENJOYING !!!
AFTER NICE WORK
GOOD LUCK!!!

Lecture # 01 (introduction to research

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