LECTURE 1
- 1. Teaching and Learning with Technolog Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Edition Learningtitle Technology Click to edit Master Third with style Chapter 1 Theoretical Foundations This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: • any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; • preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; • any rental, lease or lending of the program. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Allyn and Bacon was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 2. Educational Technology Click to edit Master title style • Educational technology is any technology that is used to support teaching and learning • The NCATE (National Council for Teacher Education) standards articulate the professional preparation requirements for all teachers Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 3. Educational Technology Click to edit Master title style Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 4. Educational Technology Clickand Instruction style to edit Master title • National standards have emerged to promote technology in education • Educators must acquire a broad range of methods and skills to enhance teaching • Instructional events are all teaching methods and learning experiences used to support learning Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 5. Instructional Events Click to edit Master title style Proper planning and effective use of tools and methods are key to successful teaching and learning Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 6. ClickAbout Learning style to edit Master title • A variety of theories explain how we learn • Each theory offers a different view on how learning occurs • Some theories contradict others • Teachers must determine best theory for themselves Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 7. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Learning as communication • Knowledge is transmitted from sender to receiver • Receiver returns feedback to sender • Sender receives feedback and makes adjustments if necessary • Variables may alter intended meaning Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 8. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Learning as Communication Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 9. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Factors Affecting Learning Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 10. Learning Theories style Click to edit Master title Environmental factors • Any factor that may cause messages to be distorted or blocked • Includes obvious factors like noise or improper lighting • Also includes less obvious distractions like room temperature Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 11. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Psychological factors • Individual differences that define and impact communicated information • Emotional state may interfere with message reception • Learning styles may interfere with message transmission Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 12. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Personal filters • Individual’s values, heritage and belief system • May include attitudes, cultural differences and opinions • Filters are present in both sender and receiver Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 13. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Behaviorist’s perspective • Focus on behavior as a response to external stimuli • Learning occurs as a response to rewards and punishments • Learning is a passive response to the environment • Key theorists are Pavlov, Watson, Skinner Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 14. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Cognitivist’s perspective • Focus on learning as a mental operation • Learning is explained by how one thinks • Believe learning is more complex than behaviorist view • Key theorists are Bruner, Ausubel and early works of Piaget Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 15. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Constructivist’s perspective • Knowledge is constructed as a result of the learning process – Children construct mental map as they encounter information (Piaget) • Learning occurs when knowledge is assimilated (fitted into existing map) or accommodated (existing map are adjusted) (Piaget) • This view can be either individualistic (Gagné) or group oriented (Vygotsky and Bandura) Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 16. Click to OF THE LEARNER VIEW edit Master title style • Characteristics that might have an impact on learning – Cognitive style – Learning style – Intelligence Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 17. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Cognitive styles • Manner in which one thinks and interprets the environment • Myers-Briggs instrument helps determine cognitive preferences • Understanding cognitive styles helps teachers create supportive environments Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 18. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Myers-Briggs Cognitive Types Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 19. Learning Theories Click to edit Master title style Learning styles • Conditions under which one learns best • Relates to individual sensory dominance • Auditory learners learn best by listening • Visual learners learn best by seeing • Kinesthetic learners learn best by doing Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 20. The edit Master title style Click to Learner Intelligence • Inherent capabilities to learn and understand • Stanford-Binet tests (IQ Test) emphasize logical/mathematical and verbal abilities • Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences emphasizes other capabilities Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 21. The edit Master title style Click to Learner Multiple Intelligences • Verbal-Linguistic • Bodily-Kinesthetic • Mathematical-Logical • Interpersonal • Musical • Intrapersonal • Visual-Spatial • Naturalistic • Existential Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 22. The edit Master title style Click to Learner Multiple Intelligences Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 23. Click to edit Intelingences Multiple Master title style • Linguistics – verbal skills/talents related to sound, meaning & ryhthms • Logical-mathematical – conceptual & logical thinking • Musical – talents/abilities related to sound, rhythm & pitch • Spatial – skill in thinking in pictures & visioning abstract Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 24. Click to edit Intelingences Multiple Master title style • Bodily-kinesthetic – skill in controlling body movements • Interpersonal – responsive to others • Intrapersonal – high-degree of self awareness & insight • Naturalistic – skills in recognizing, categorizing & interacting with natural world • Existential – ability to consider & deal with questions of human existence Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 25. Teaching and Learning Click to edit Master title style • Teaching is a systematic, planned sequence of events – A process that communicates ideas, concepts, skills to learners • Teachers should be aware of: – strengths and weaknesses of own teaching style – learning theories – learning style of students Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 26. A Holistic View of Teaching, Click to edit Master title style Learning, and Technology • Teaching, learning and technology work together for effective knowledge transfer • Holistic “systems approach” is the key to effective instruction • Educational technologies are selected after planning to enhance instruction Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 27. A Holistic View of Teaching, Click to edit Master title style Learning, and Technology • Technology: a component of the teaching/learning process – Educational technology includes any resource or process that facilitates learning – This view of technology has evolved – It’s consistent with evolution of learning theories Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 28. Educational Technology Click to edit Master title style A historical overview • Began in the early 1900s with movies • Slides, radio, sound recordings were added in the 1920s-1930s • Television drove audiovisuals in the 1950s Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 29. Educational Technology Click to edit Master title style A historical overview • 1960s: audiovisuals expanded to a broader systems view - to include programmed instructions • 1970s: educational technology redefined and expanded to include all technologies • 1980s: educational technology entered the digital age Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008
- 30. Educational Technology Click to edit Master title style Today • Holistic view – All media and systems supporting teaching/learning • Teachers must decide how to best utilize technology Teachingand Learningwith Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology Teaching and Learning with Technology © Allyn and Bacon 2002 © Allyn and Bacon 2005 2008