Lecture 3 - Bcm 324.pptx by Barnabas kip
- 1. RESPONSE Lecture 3 - ICS
- 2. Responses to disaster aim to: 1) Reverse adverse health effects caused by the event; 2) Modify the hazard responsible for the event (reducing the risk of the occurrence of another event); 3) Decrease the vulnerability (increase the resiliency) of the society to future events; and 4) Improve disaster preparedness to respond to future events.
- 3. • For these aims to be met, there is need for a coordinated approach to response • What would happen if everyone rushed to the seen to ‘offer help’?
- 4. INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM • This is a standardized on-scene, all-hazard incident management concept • Came following the need for more coordinated approach to minimize loss of life and damage to property
- 5. • ICS, allows its users to adopt an organizational structure to fit any situation regardless of jurisdictional boundaries. ICS is very flexible and can grow or shrink to meet the changing needs of an incident. This makes it applicable to both small and large incidents.
- 6. Origin • Studies found was that incident response failures were far more likely to result from inadequate management than from any other single reason.
- 7. • Lack of personnel accountability, including unclear chains of command and supervision. • Poor communication due to both inefficient uses of available communications systems and conflicting codes and terminology. • Lack of an orderly, systematic planning process. • No common, flexible, predesigned management structure that enables commanders to delegate responsibilities and manage workloads efficiently. • No predefined methods to integrate interagency requirements into the management structure and planning process effectively.
- 8. ICS Structure • Top-down structure • Five management functions – Incident Command – Logistics – Operations – Planning – Finance and Administration Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview Incident Commander Operations Section Planning Section Logistics Section Finance/ Administration Section Safety Officer Liaison Officer Public Information Officer
- 9. The Command Function • Perform command activities • Protecting life and property • Controlling personnel and equipment resources • Maintaining accountability for safety and task accomplishment • Establishing and maintaining an effective liaison with outside agencies
- 10. Incident Commander • Incident Commander – Overall responsibility for incident • Sets incident objectives • Determines strategies • Establishes priorities – Only position that is always staffed • Responsible until delegation • Command Staff • General Staff Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 11. Command Staff Positions • There are three positions that report directly to the Incident Commander: – Information Officer – Safety Officer – Liaison Officer.
- 12. Information Officer • Public Information Officer, is the conduit for information to internal and external stakeholders, including the media or other organizations seeking information.
- 13. Safety Officer • Safety Officer monitors safety conditions and develops measures for assuring the safety of all assigned personnel.
- 14. Liaison Officer • Liaison Officer serves as the primary contact for supporting agencies assisting at an incident.
- 15. Command Staff • Safety Officer – Monitors safety conditions, practices and procedures • Liaison Officer – Primary contact for supporting agencies • Public Information Officer – Provides information to stakeholders Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview Incident Commander Safety Officer Liaison Officer Public Information Officer
- 16. General Staff • Operations • Planning • Logistics • Finance and Administration Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview Incident Commander Operations Section Planning Section Logistics Section Finance/ Administration Section Safety Officer Liaison Officer Public Information Officer
- 17. The Operations Section • Direct and coordinate all operations • Assist the IC in developing response goals and objectives for the incident • Implement the Incident Action Plans • Request resources through the IC • Keep the IC informed of the situation and resource status within operations
- 18. Incident Commander Operations Section Branch Division or Group Strike Team Task Force Single Resource Operations Section • Perform operations to meet incident goals • Develop tactical assignments and organization • Direct all tactical resources Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 19. Incident Commander Planning Section Resources Unit Documentation Unit Situation Unit Demobilization Unit Technical Specialists Planning Section – prepares the IAP • Collect, evaluate and disseminate information pertaining to incident • Prepare and document Incident Action Plan (5W1H). The IAP defines response activities and resource utilization for a specified time period Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 20. The Planning Section • Resource unit records the status of all resources committed to the incident, and anticipates resource needs. • Situation unit collects, organizes, and analyzes incident status information. • Documentation unit collects, records, and safeguards all documents related to an incident • demobilization unit assures a orderly, safe, and efficient demobilization of incident resources. • Technical specialists have special skills and can be used anywhere within the ICS organization.
- 21. Logistics Section – service and support needs • Provide support, resources and all other services needed to meet incident objectives – Personnel – Materials – Facilities – Services Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview Incident Commander Logistics Section Service Branch Communication Unit Medical Unit Food Unit Support Branch Supply Unit Facilities Unit Ground Support Unit
- 22. The Logistics Section Service and support needs include: • Obtaining, maintaining, and accounting for essential personnel, equipment, and supplies. • Providing communication services, food services, and medical services. • Setting up and maintaining incident facilities. • Providing support transportation.
- 23. Incident Commander Finance/ Administration Section Time Unit Procurement Unit Compensation Unit Cost Unit Finance/Administrative Section • Monitor cost associated with incident • Provide accounting, procurement, time recording and cost analyses Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 24. Finance/Administration – monitors costs • The Finance Section Chief tracks costs, personnel records, requisitions, and administrates procurement contracts required by Logistics. • Critical for tracking incident costs and reimbursement accounting • May also procure special equipment, contract with a vendor, or develop cost estimates for alternative response strategies.
- 25. Finance/ Administration Sub-Units • Time unit - records time for incident personnel and hired equipment • Compensations Claims unit - handles claims for property damage, injuries, or fatalities at the incident. • Cost unit - tracks costs, analyzes cost data, makes cost estimates, and recommends cost-saving measures. • Procurement unit - handles financial matters related to vendor contracts.
- 26. Incident Action Plan • Plan of incident goals – Required for each incident – Provides direction – Preferably written – Most basic plan outline • What needs to be done? • Who will do it? • How to communicate? • Injured personnel procedures Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 27. ICS Facilities • Incident Command Post – Primary command functions • Staging Area – Resources await assignment – Possibly multiple sites • Base – Logistics and administration • Camp – Food, water sleeping and sanitary areas Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview S B C
- 28. Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 29. On the Incident Scene • Incident command established • Command post identified • Call up ICS staff as needed • Information to responders/stakeholders • Incident Response Plan – Utilize local plans • Assessments & documentation • Evaluation Just In Time Training Incident Command System: Overview
- 30. ICS Concepts Common terminology – especially important when diverse agencies are involved – applies to all organizational elements, position titles and resources
- 31. ICS terminology – read up • Modular organization • Integrated communication • Unified command • Unity of command • Incident action plans • Span of control • Personnel accountability
- 32. Activity – assignment 2 • Imagine an incident • Brainstorm about all possible activities that may occur during the incident response • Use the ICS structure to assign these activities to various management personnel • Work in groups of two. • Some materials are attached, find more online if necessary
- 33. • Reading task for the week: Unit 14 - vulnerable groups in disasters. In manual 1
Editor's Notes
- #8: The ICS structure is a top-down system, organized into five management functions, each of which performs specific duties. The five major management functions of ICS are: Incident Command – which includes the Incident Commander and the Command Staff, and the General Staff – which includes the Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration Sections. Each of these areas will be discussed in more detail.
- #10: The Incident Commander has the overall responsibility for managing the incident. Responsibilities of this position include setting incident objectives, determining strategies, and establishing priorities for the response. This is the only position in the Incident Command System that is always staffed during an incident. The Incident Commander is responsible for all incident objectives until they are delegated out to Command or General Staff personnel.
- #15: During larger incidents, additional supervisory positions may be established. The Command Staff reports directly to the Incident Commander and includes: A Safety Officer, who monitors and oversees working conditions of the incident and is responsible for developing procedures to keep personnel safe. The Safety Officer is allowed to stop any unsafe behavior or procedure. The Liaison Officer is the primary contact for other supporting agencies involved in the incident response. The Public Information Officer provides information to stakeholders, including the media, regarding response activities. The Incident Commander will perform all of these roles until additional positions are assigned. In smaller incidents, some of these positions may not be staffed.
- #16: In addition to the Command Staff, there are also General Staff management functions, which are responsible for specific tasks, duties and personnel. The four General Staff Sections of ICS are the Operations Section, the Planning Section, the Logistics Section, and the Finance and Administration Section. All Sections are led by a corresponding Section Chief (e.g., Operations Section Chief).
- #18: The Operations Section is responsible for performing various tasks needed to meet the goals of the response as outlined by the Incident Action Plan.This includes developing and organizing tactical assignments and directing all tactical resources. For large incidents, the Operations Section may be divided into Divisions which are geographical areas of operation (e.g., by town) or into Groups, which are functional areas of operation (e.g., disease diagnosis, biosecurity or appraisal Groups). If the number of Divisions or Groups exceeds the Span of Control, a Branch may need to be formed. Depending on the needs of the incident, specialized strike teams (a group of resources of the same kind or type) or task forces (a combination of mixed resources with a specific mission) may also be developed. The Operations Section is supervised by the Operations Section Chief.
- #19: The Planning Section of ICS is responsible for collecting, evaluating and disseminating information pertaining to the incident, as well as maintaining the status of resources. This section also prepares and documents the Incident Action Plan and tracks resources for the response. Subdivisions within the Planning Section are called Units (as compared to Groups or Divisions in the Operation Section). The Planning Section is supervised by the Planning Section Chief.
- #21: The Logistics Section of a response provides support, resources and services needed to meet the incident objectives. This may include personnel, supplies, facilities, food, communications and transportation. The Logistics Section can be divided into two branches – the Service Branch and the Support Branch – when incidents are very large or when a number of facilities are involved, requiring large numbers of equipment. Subdivisions within the Logistics Section are also called Units (as compared to Groups or Divisions in the Operation Section).The Logistics Section is supervised by the Logistics Section Chief.
- #23: The Finance and Administration Section provides accounting, procurement, time recording and cost analyses services. It serves to monitor costs associated with the incident, including the cost of resources and reimbursement of workers. Subdivisions within the Finance/Administrative Section are called Units (as compared to Groups or Divisions in the Operation Section).The Finance and Administrative Section is supervised by the Finance and Administrative Section Chief.
- #26: As previously mentioned, for all responses, an Incident Action Plan is required. The IAP outlines the necessary goals and actions required for the situation and provides direction for the response. At its most basic level, it should address the goals and procedures needed for the response, who is responsible for various tasks, how communication will occur and how responder health and safety procedures (e.g., care for injured personnel) will be handled. The IAP should be in written form and is generally developed by the Planning Section in coordination with the Incident Commander.
- #27: Locations within the response area also have standardized terminology. The Incident Command Post is where the Command Staff are located and all operations are overseen. It is denoted by a square with blue and white triangles on the incident site map. There is only one Incident Command Post per site. The Staging Area (denoted by a white circle with an “S” inside) is where all resources (e.g., personnel, equipment) are kept while waiting for incident assignment. There may be multiple Staging Areas during a response. The Base (denoted by a white circle with a “B” inside) is where primary service and support activities (e.g., logistics, administrative) are performed. There is only one Base for each incident. A Camp (denoted by a white circle with a “C” inside) is an area where resources essential to support operations are kept. Camps provide food, water, sleeping areas and sanitary services. This may be a hotel or other building, or as simple as a trailer or group of tents. There may be multiple Camps for a response.
- #29: So, let’s see how it is put all together. When an incident occurs, Incident Command is established and an Incident Command Post is identified. Command staff are then called upon as needed. An Incident Response Plan is developed and distributed. The Public Information Officer delivers information to stakeholders. Local plans that may be in place to support specific incidents are incorporated into the response. As tasks are initiated and completed, assessment, documentation, and evaluation will be necessary.