Lecture 3 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER
- 1. Lecture:Barkhad mohamed omar{suldaan} Book:-Introduction to Computer. Faculty: __________________ Lecture hours:2hrs Before lecture quiz 10 minutes
- 2. Windows Operating System. Windows A series of operating system. Windows is now , quite popular operating system. Long back , it came into existence it was continuously updated to enhance its power and to incorporate more and more features into it. With the result of this it has become world’s most favourite operating system. Development of windows operating system has taken place in two streams. First stream deals with stand alone environment while second stream deals with network environment. Different versions of windows , which gradually came into existence , in stand alone environment are w -95 , w-98 , w-me , w-XP , w-2000, w-2003, w-7 , w-8 and w-10. each version that come later are improved and enhanced version of the previous one, these operating systems were designed and developed for single environment. Chapter Three=3
- 3. Booting computer with windows. To boot the computer with windows operating system first switch the monitor on and then switch on the CPU , using ON/OFF switch present in it’s chassis. When you do so. Computer will check all its peripherals , if the are functioning properly or not if any unit is found faulty , an error message appears on the screen and booting process stops. On the other hand , if all the units are found OK, booting process continues. Computer reads the operating system from disk , loads it into memory and displays a dialog box, as show in figure 3.1 This dialog box is part of windows security system . It asks for login name and password to ensure that only authorized persons use the system, to boot the system enter your login name and password correctly and click the mouse on ok button . After a while , display on the monitor will turn as shown in figure 3.2
- 4. Login window Start menu Desktop icons
- 5. INTRODUCTION TO WINDOWS DESKTOP After booting the system with windows the first screen that appears on the monitor is called desktop. A brief introduction of each component of windows desktop is given below. Desktop icons. Icons are graphical pictures , they represent objects like programs , files , folders etc . Initially few icons appears on desktop . Later , if the need be , more icons are placed on the desktop . To activate any icon you need to double click the mouse on it. Start Button. Start button is the starting point of windows menu system . When you click the mouse on “start” button , start menu as shown in figure 3.3 appears on the screen.
- 6. Quick launch toolbar. As illustrated in figure 3.2 quick launch toolbar comprises of many buttons. Each button represents a program. When you click the mouse on any button , corresponding program gets executed. Task manager. Initially , task manager appears as blank area but when you execute any program , a button for that program gets created in this area . This button identifies the program . For example , using the button you could terminate the program. System Tray. Initially system tray displays few icons and system time in it. Each icon of the system tray represents a program, which is invisibly running in the background. To operate upon a background program , you can double click the mouse on its icon, for example , to set the system date and time , you can double click the mouse on system time icon.
- 7. Introduction to window. Window operating system drives its name from the fact that each running program ,in windows appears in the form of a window . When you execute a program, a window appears on monitor screen. For example , when you execute wordpad program of windows wordpad window as illustrated in figure 3.4 appears on monitor screen. Title bar. Title bar acts as window header , it comprises of following items:-
- 9. Program name, Minimize button, Maximize button , close button 1.Name of the program , with which window is related appears in the title bar. This name identifies the windows. When you have many windows present on the screen , program name in title bar helps you in identifying the window. 2.It shrinks the window to a button, placed in task bar, when you click the mouse on it. 3.When you click the mouse on this button , window enlarges to the size of the monitor screen and the button gets converted to restore button . When you click the mouse on restore button, enlarged window gets back to its original size. 4.When you click the mouse on this button , program terminates its window and task bar button , both get removed from the monitor screen.
- 10. GUI Components of Windows Windows is graphical user interface (GUI) based operating system . While working with this operating system , you interact with the computer through many GUI components a brief description of commonly used GUI components of windows is given below. Program Icons. All those icons that represent program are called program icon . Some of the program icons are illustrated in figure 3.6 to run the program , you need to double click the mouse on its program icon for example , to execute date/time program you will have to double click the mouse on its icon. Objects Icons. All those icons that represent objects like devices , files , folders etc are called object icons some of the object icons are illustrated below. A)Represents floppy drive. B)Represents hard disk C)Represents a folder. D)Represents executable file. E)Represents non-executable files F)Represents data file.
- 11. Dialog Box , Radio box and check box. A) A dialog box is special type of window that allows you to enter specifications for performing a task , as per your choice . For example , when you open a file , a dialog box , as illustrated in figure 3.11 appears on the screen . Using this dialog box , you can specify drive, folder , file name etc . Of the file , which you wish to open. B) Group of at least two or more rounded buttons form radio buttons . Label written near buttons gives an indication of the type of data/information that will get selected when you click the mouse on it . Only one radio button , from the group can be selected .when you select a button, a blank dot appears within the selected button .radio buttons are illustrated in figure 3.12. C) Small square shaped buttons (could be one or more) form check boxes . Label written near the button gives an indication of the type of data/information that will get selected, when you click the mouse on it. When you select a check box, a tick mark gets placed within the check box , if you wish , you could select more than one check box from the group .check boxes are illustrated in figure 3.12.
- 12. Windows Applications Windows is a powerful operating system . It not only makes the computer functional, it also provides many useful programs using , which you can perform , different types of operations . Following are commonly used program of windows. A) Notepad=this program is used for creating small text files. B) Wordpad=this program is used for creating large text files it also provides many formatting options , using which the document could be formatted and made attractive. C) Paint=it is basically a drawing coloring program . Using this program you can create shapes and drawings and color them with attractive colors. D) Calculator=using this program you can use your computer as calculator and perform arithmetic and scientific calculatiosn. E) Media player. F) Movie maker. G) Windows explorer. H) Internet explorer.