Lesson5
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Lesson 5
- 2. CONCEPT The standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind; the degree of excellence of something. 1. Quality Management (QM) 2. Quality Assurance (QA) 3. Quality Control (QC)
- 3. HISTORICAL REVIEW In the 1940s, during World War II, quality became more statistical in nature. In the 1960s, with the help of so-called “quality gurus,” the concept took on a broader meaning. Quality began to be viewed as something that encompassed the entire organization. The meaning of quality for businesses changed dramatically in the late 1970s. Before then quality was still viewed as something that needed to be inspected and corrected. The 1970s and 1980s many U.S. industries lost market share to foreign competition. ince the 1970s, competition based on quality has grown in importance and has generated tremendous interest, concern, and
- 4. FRAMEWORK Meeting and exceeding customer expectations by involving everyone in the organization through an integrated effort. Total quality management (TQM) is an integrated organizational effort designed to improve quality at every level. PHILOSOPHY Empower all employees to seek out quality problems and correct them. TEAMS The contributions of teams are considered vital to the success of the company. Teams vary in their degree of structure and formality, and different types of teams solve different types of problems.
- 5. QUALITY CIRCLE TEAM One of the most common types of teams is the quality circle, a team of volunteer production employees and their supervisors whose purpose is to solve quality problems. The circle is usually composed of eight to ten members, and decisions are made through group consensus. The teams usually meet weekly during work hours in a place designated for this purpose. They follow a pre-set process for analyzing and solving quality problems
- 6. TQM VS CONVENTIONAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT Empower all employees to seek out quality problems and correct them. Employees were afraid to identify problems for fear that they would be reprimanded.
- 7. BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TQM Appraisal costs •Incurred in the process of uncovering defects. •Include the cost of quality inspections, product testing, and performing audits. •The costs of worker time spent measuring quality and the cost of equipment used for quality appraisal. Internal failure costs •Discovering poor product quality before the product reaches the customer site. •Rework, which is the cost of correcting the defective item. •The item is so defective that it cannot be corrected and must be thrown away.
- 8. BARRIERS TO TQM IMPLEMENTATION Other decisions within operations management. Dictates how all other areas of operations management will support this commitment. Needs to incorporate customer-defined quality. Job design is affected. Supply chain management is affected.