Linux Operating System
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM FYBVOC (SD) BY: AVNISH KHANDELWAL(23)
- 2. WHAT IS LINUX? LINUX IS OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM, OR LINUX OS, IS A FREELY DISTRIBUTABLE, CROSS- PLATFORM OPERATING SYSTEM BASED ON UNIX THAT CAN BE INSTALLED ON PCS, LAPTOPS, NETBOOKS, MOBILE AND TABLET DEVICES, VIDEO GAME CONSOLES, SERVERS, SUPERCOMPUTERS AND MORE.
- 3. HISTORY OF LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM THE HISTORY OF LINUX BEGAN IN 1991 WITH THE COMMENCEMENT OF A PERSONAL PROJECT BY FINNISH STUDENT LINUS TORVALDS TO CREATE A NEW FREE OPERATING SYSTEM KERNEL. SINCE THEN, THE RESULTING LINUX KERNEL. SINCE THE INITIAL RELEASE OF ITS SOURCE CODE IN 1991, IT HAS GROWN FROM A SMALL NUMBER OF C FILES UNDER THE GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE LINUS TORVALDS LOGO
- 5. Architecture of LINUX Operating System LET US TALK ABOUT THE ARCHITECTURE / STRUCTURE OF THE LINUX OS
- 6. Architecture of LINUX Operating System
- 7. Hardware • Hardware consists of all peripheral devices (RAM/ HDD/ CPU etc). Kernel • Kernel is the core part of Linux. It is responsible for all major activities of this operating system. It consists of various modules and it interacts directly with the underlying hardware.
- 8. Shell • An interface to kernel, hiding complexity of kernel’s functions from users. Takes commands from user and executes kernel’s functions. Utilities • Utility programs giving user most of the functionalities of an operating systems.
- 9. FEATURES OF LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM LET’S US DISCUSS ABOUT THE FEATURES OF THE LINUX OS:
- 10. 2) Open Source • Portability means software's can works on different types of hardware's in same way. Linux kernel and application programs supports their installation on any kind of hardware platform. 1) Portable • Linux source code is freely available and it is community based development project. Multiple teams works in collaboration to enhance the capability of Linux operating system and it is continuously evolving.
- 11. 4) Multi-tasking • Linux is a multiuser system means multiple users can access system resources like memory/ ram/ application programs at same time. 3) Multi-User • Linux is a multitasking system means multiple tasks can be done at same time.
- 12. 6) Security • Linux provides a special interpreter program which can be used to execute commands of the operating system. It can be used to do various types of operations, call application programs etc. 5) Shell • Linux provides user security using authentication features like password protection/ controlled access to specific files/ encryption of data.
- 13. BASIC COMMANDS OF LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM LET’S US DISCUSS ABOUT BASIC COMMANDS OF THE LINUX OS:
- 14. Command Name Syntax Description MAKE DIRECTORY Mkdir directory_name Make directory command create a new directory. CREATE FILE Cat>filename It is used to create new file with content. COPY FILE Cp src_file desti_file It copies a file from one location to another location. CHANGE DIRECTORY cd dir_name It is used for changing the directory. MOVE FILE Mv source destination The “mv” command moves a file from one location to another. HELP Whatis command It is helpful to get brief information about Linux commands CALCULATOR bc It means the basic calculator, used for basic calculations. PROCESS STATUS Ps Process gives the status of running processes with the unique ID called PID CHANGING PASSWORD Passwd It is used for changing the password. CALENDAR Cal It is used to display calendar of the present month or any another month. CLEAR SCREEN Clear It is used to clear the screen.
- 15. USES OF LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM LET US DISCUSS ABOUT THE USES OF THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM:
- 16. Web Serving Nearly 60% of all websites on the Internet are run using an Open Source program named "Apache." Most often, it's run on Linux. If you've ever surfed the web, you've (indirectly) used Linux! Networking Linux is used to run some parts of the Internet, as well as to run small and large networks in corporations, offices and homes.
- 17. Databases Since Linux is stable, secure and robust, it's perfect for storing huge databases of information. Home Computing And, of course, people like us, and people like you, can and do use Linux on a daily basis at home and in the office! Scientific Computing Many dozens (or even hundreds or thousands) of Linux systems can be clustered together to work on a single task (like weather forecasting, physics simulations, computer graphics rendering, etc.)A large collection of inexpensive PCs running Linux can be just as powerful as a mainframe computer, but at a tenth of the cost.
- 18. Advantages of LINUX Operating System LET US DISCUSS ABOUT THE ADVANTAGES OF LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM:
- 19. Low cost: You don’t need to spend time and money to obtain licenses since Linux and much of its software come with the GNU General Public License. Additionally, there are large repositories from which you can freely download high quality software for almost any task you can think of. Stability: Linux doesn’t need to be rebooted periodically to maintain performance levels. It doesn’t freeze up or slow down over time due to memory leaks and such. Continuous up-times of hundreds of days (up to a year or more) are not uncommon.
- 20. Open Source: If you develop software that requires knowledge or modification of the operating system code, Linux’s source code is at your fingertips. Most Linux applications are Open Source as well. Multitasking: Linux is designed to do many things at the same time; e.g., a large printing job in the background won’t slow down your other work.
- 21. Performance: Linux provides persistent high performance on workstations and on networks. It can handle unusually large numbers of users simultaneously, and can make old computers sufficiently responsive to be useful again. Choice: The large number of Linux distributions gives you a choice. Each distribution is developed and supported by a different organization. You can pick the one you like best; the core functionalities are the same; most software runs on most distributions.
- 22. LINUX Distributions: LINUX Provides 600+ distributions with different unique features Some Distros are: Linux Mint Ubuntu Debian Gentoo CentOS SOME EXAMPLES OF LINUS DISTROS
- 23. Disadvantages of LINUX Operating System LET US DISCUSS ABOUT THE DISADVANTAGES OF THE LINUX:
- 24. No Standard Edition While Windows and Mac have several definite versions, there is no one standard edition of Linux. In fact, there are hundreds of different user-developed editions. It can be challenging to figure out which one is best for you, and making that decision can be overwhelming for a new user.
- 25. Learning Curve The simplest way to put it: Linux is not as easy to use as Windows or Mac. It requires a broader base of knowledge about computing than other operating systems, and this can be very challenging for a beginning user. If you are used to using Windows or Mac, you will have to unlearn and relearn many different functions and processes. It can take some time, and the less technical understanding you have the more it will require of you to learn. While it is certainly possible to gain a functional understanding of Linux with practice and self-teaching, it will require more effort than with other operating systems.
- 26. Non-Compatible Software A disadvantage to using a Linux OS is that the majority of your favourite programs will not run on it. If you are used to certain software, you will have to find a comparable Linux option. There are hundreds of choices of programs, and there are many that are similar to specific Windows or Mac software. However, a lot of times the user interface is very different and not every function you want is always available. You will have to do some searching and testing of different programs until you find ones that you like and meet your needs.
- 27. Unsupported Hardware There is less computer hardware that is compatible with Linux, also. There is a much smaller selection of drivers that will work with Linux, although more are being added on a consistent basis. Oftentimes it takes a while for new hardware to be supported, and you may find that a lot of the hardware you already have will be tough to run on Linux. For some reason, many people encounter problems with running their printers on Linux. Blu-ray discs are also not able to be played using Linux.