LOA2020 Building a Global Consensus on Open Science - Towards the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science
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This document outlines UNESCO's process for developing a Recommendation on Open Science through a global consensus-building effort. It notes that 193 UNESCO member states tasked UNESCO with creating an international standard-setting instrument on Open Science in the form of a Recommendation. UNESCO will rely on an inclusive consultation process involving countries and stakeholders to define principles for Open Science and measures on open access and data to bring citizens closer to science and promote equitable science production worldwide. The Recommendation is expected to be adopted by member states in 2021 after regional consultations are completed.
LOA2020 Building a Global Consensus on Open Science - Towards the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science
- 1. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Towards a UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science Building a Global Consensus on Open Science
- 2. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Science at the service of the SDGs In the context of pressing planetary and socio-economic challenges, sustainable and innovative solutions require an efficient, transparent and vibrant scientific community not only stemming from scientists, but from the whole of society.
- 3. UNESCO Natural Science Sector R&D intensity Inequalities in STI Regional averages for the share of GDP devoted to R&D activities • 2.4% for North America and Western Europe • 2.1% for East Asia and the Pacific • 1.7% for World • 1.0% for Central and Eastern Europe • 0.7% for Latin America and the Caribbean • 0.6% for Arab States • 0.5% for South and West Asia • 0.4% for Sub-Saharan Africa • 0.2% for Central Asia Gross domestic expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP, 2017 or latest year available
- 4. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Number of researchers Inequalities in STI
- 5. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Women in science Inequalities in STI The regional averages for the share of female researchers: • 48.2% for Central Asia • 45.1% for Latin America and the Caribbean • 41.5% for Arab States • 39.3% for Central and Eastern Europe • 32.7% for North America and Western Europe • 31.8% for Sub-Saharan Africa • 29.3% for World • 23.9% for East Asia and the Pacific • 18.5% for South and West Asia Women as a share of total researchers, 2017 or latest year available
- 6. UNESCO Natural Science Sector The Need for Science, Technology and Innovation Need for data, information, knowledge, technologies Need for evidence based decisions and policies Need for global STI standards and governance Need to close the STI gaps Need to Open Science to Society
- 7. UNESCO Natural Science Sector What is the meaning of Open Science? Linking Science to Society Reducing Inequalities Access to information Access to data Access to society Access to networks “While education remains the most important means of fighting inequalities at the individual level, in the 21st century, science is the best way to fight inequalities between countries and regions.” Ambassador of Portugal to UNESCO, HE Mr Antonio Novoa
- 8. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Democratize Science Open Science embodies the movement to transform and democratize the entire scientific process to ensure that science truly drives and enables the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for the benefits of all.
- 9. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Open Science to Society Open Science allows scientific information, data and outputs to be more widely accessible (Open Access) and more reliably harnessed (Open Data) with the active engagement of all the stakeholders (Open to Society).
- 10. UNESCO Natural Science Sector How can everyone benefit from Open Science? A movement has emerged from the scientific world, rapidly spreading across nations and calling for the opening of the gates of knowledge. Investors, entrepreneurs, policy makers and citizens are joining this call. The question is no longer whether Open Science is happening, but rather how everyone can contribute and benefit from the transition.
- 11. UNESCO Natural Science Sector A global understanding is needed UNESCO 40th Session of the General Conference That is why, UNESCO, as the UN agency for science, embarked in a process to build a global consensus on Open Science. In the fragmented scientific and policy environment, a global understanding of the meaning, opportunities and challenges of Open Science is still missing.
- 12. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Why Open Science in UNESCO? Because of the “S” Because of the SDGs Because of the Human Rights Because of the Normative Power
- 13. UNESCO Natural Science Sector A UNESCO Recommendation • Preliminary study of the technical, financial and legal aspects on the desirability of a UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science (2019) 206th and 207th session of the Executive Board • UNESCO Strategy on Open Access to scientific information and research (2011) 36th session General Conference • UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science to be developed for adoption of Member States in November 2021 (2019) 36th session General Conference Background
- 14. UNESCO Natural Science Sector A UNESCO Recommendation UNESCO 40th Session of the General Conference The General Conference at its 40th session: • Recognizes the need for a new standard- setting instrument on open science, in the form of a recommendation; • Invites the Director-General to initiate the process of elaborating a draft text of a new standard-setting instrument on open science, in the form of a recommendation; • Also requests the Director-General to take all necessary measures to ensure an inclusive consultative process leading to a recommendation on open science; • Further invites the Director-General to submit to it at the earliest possible session (preferably the 41st session) the draft text of a UNESCO recommendation on open science At the UNESCO 40th General Conference, 193 Members States tasked UNESCO with the development of an international standard-setting instrument on Open Science in the form of a UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science.
- 15. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Inclusive UNESCO Recommendation With the aim of building a global consensus on Open Science, the development of the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science will rely on an inclusive, transparent and consultative process involving all countries and all stakeholders. The Recommendation is expected to define shared values and principles for Open Science, and point to concrete measures on Open Access and Open Data with proposals for action to bring citizens closer to science, and commitments for a better distribution and production of science in the world. During two years of consultations, UNESCO will support and open debate on Open Science awareness, understanding and policy development, leading to the adoption of the Recommendation by UNESCO Member States in 2021. Guided by a multi-stakeholder Open Science Advisory Committee, the process will be supported by a global comprehensive Open Science Partnership and will lead to the development of a vibrant Open Science community of practice across the world.
- 16. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Roadmap of the Recommendation on Open Science
- 17. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Regional consultations Date Consultation Comment 12 December 2019 UNESCO-AU Consultation on Open Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Ministerial Decision on open science as game changer for sustainable development in Africa 25 February 2020 Consultation on open science in Africa, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe Discussion in the context of the African Regional Science Technology and Innovation Forum organized jointly with the Economic Commission for Africa 6 July 2020 Online European regional consultation in collaboration with ICTP and the Venice Office Originally planned on 6 July in Trieste on the margins of the ESOF Meeting, which has now been tentatively postponed to September 8 July 2020 Online Arab regional consultation in collaboration with UNESCO Cairo Office Originally planned on 16 June on the margins of a joint SC/SHS meeting on science for society in Alexandria 23 September 2020 Online LAC regional consultation in collaboration with Montevideo Office Originally planned on the margins of CILAC in September in Buenos Aires, which will probably be postponed to April 2021. 15 September 2020 Online Asia and Pacific regional consultation in collaboration with Jakarta Office Building on consultations already held in the region in September 2019 and February 2020. 30 September 2020 Online Eastern Europe regional consultation in collaboration with Venice and Almaty Offices Originally, Russian Federation was interested in hosting the face to face consultation around September. 5 October 2020 Online Africa regional consultation in collaboration with Regional Offices. Building on consultations with the AU in December 2019 and at the African STI Forum in Zimbabwe in February 2020
- 18. UNESCO Natural Science Sector Join the Open Science Partnership! Join the debate! http://bit.do/surveyUNESCO_OS Participate to the Global Survey