Loading and unloading white
- 2. In Washington State from years 2005-2010: There were 12 workplace fatalities which occurred during truck loading or unloading. 6 of the 12 incidents involved forklifts and cranes. Five incidents involved truck drivers, 3 involved laborers, 2 involved supervisors, 1 involved a landscaper and 1 involved a crane operator. 2
- 3. Before Starting All personnel involved with a loading or unloading operation should assess the potential hazards before the operation begins. A clear understanding of the procedures and communication between workers must be established. Avoid overhead power lines or steep grades. 3
- 4. Before Starting Site and freight specific knowledge is important. Visiting drivers should be made aware of their responsibilities and site rules Check paperwork in the office for - right location, correct stamps(if from USA) 4
- 5. Before loading inspect the trailer deck for any damage or any unauthorized repair. 5
- 6. Loading using the ramp Know the capacity of the ramp 6
- 7. • Adjust the ramp height to the trailer deck • Set dock plates.(if equipped) • Chock wheels. • Attach ramp chain to truck 7
- 8. Ramp plates must be secure and capable of supporting the weight of the machine. 8
- 9. When operating any machinery Always wear the required PPE • Seatbelts • Fall arrest / travel restraint • Any other personal protective equipment as required at the jobsite and for the particular machine you are operating. 9
- 10. Loading using the ramp In most cases load the machine heavy end first. If there is any doubt contact your supervisor. 10
- 11. Make sure that the machine is centered on the trailer deck 11
- 12. Do not exceed the capacity of the truck (GVW). Over height, overweight, or over width will require a permit. 12
- 13. We are responsible to load and unload only our equipment. Do not move or touch other equipment or product on the trailer UNLESS approved by your supervisor. 13
- 14. Loading/Unloading from the side. 14
- 15. Check the weight of the machine to be unloaded This generally can be found on the capacity tag or bill of lading if vehicle is being delivered. Never assume the weight. If you aren’t sure ASK. 15
- 16. Loading from the side of the Truck Ensure machine being unloaded is safe to unload. - Visually check the underside for any parts sticking down that can get damaged when the load gets lifted. Use blocking if necessary. - ASK:Is there anything that can cause an upset condition? What can go wrong when I lift it? - If you have ANY doubt as to how to proceed ASK your supervisor. 16
- 17. Loading from the side of the Truck The machine used to load/unload has to have large enough capacity to lift the machine. Remember that the capacity is generally based on a 24” (600mm) load center. What that means is the further out on the forks the center of gravity (beyond what is specified on the capacity plate) is the less the machine can pick up. The machine that will be used to load and/or unload must be inspected BEFORE operating. 17
- 18. Spotters/People on foot Pedestrians must be clear of the loading zone during all mechanized loading or unloading operations Material and equipment can shift or break free during any location transfer. 18
- 19. Make sure non- essential personnel are removed from the loading area. 19
- 20. Drivers ALWAYS make sure that the driver is in full view on the same side as the side you are loading. Do not unload the truck until you have confirmation the truck driver is located in a safe area. 20
- 21. Spotters Use a spotter if necessary. Make sure clear communication is established before starting task. Hand signals should be clearly understood. 21
- 22. Spotters Always be aware of the location of the spotter. The spotter should not be located in an area where they could be hit or crushed if something was to go wrong. If you lose site of a spotter, stop and wait until they are in full view before proceeding. 22
- 23. When lifting to load Calculate the center of gravity Carefully lift machine slightly determining the correct center of gravity If load is level and stable, then proceed If load dips then readjust slings/forks toward the side that dips. Do not proceed until the load being handled is stable. 23
- 24. Plan your route A good operator will always have the route planned before moving the load. This includes but won’t be limited to: • Final destination • Overhead obstructions • Potholes • Uneven ground • Any obstacles that may be in the travel path If necessary, walk the area before starting to ensure any hazards or obstructions have been identified and corrected. 24
- 25. Dropped loads can cost the company: • $$$ to repair damage • Possible injury • Downtime of product going out to customer 25
- 26. Ideally you would back away from the truck with the load, however in some situations, you may require the truck driver to drive the trailer out from under the load and then lower the load before moving. Ask a supervisor anytime you are uncertain about how to remove a load from the truck. NEVER just “try it and see what happens”. 26
- 27. FLRA’s A field level risk assessment is designed to identify possible risks and reduce them to an acceptable level. The following slide shows an FLRA for loading and unloading. 27
- 28. 28 A truck loading risk assessment must be filled out when: 1. Unloading a dead machine 2. The machine/object to unload is a strange shape 3. The person unloading the machine has less than three months experience
- 29. 2 Once the top is completed then fill out the mandatory actions: 1. Are the wheels of the truck chocked? 2. Is the trucks park brake engaged? 3. Is the truck chained to the loading dock, if the loading dock is used? (check N/A if not applicable) 4. Do you have the appropriate PPE for the task? 29
- 30. 2 Personal Limitations/Hazards 1. Procedure not available for the task. 2. No training in the process or task 3. First time performing this task 4. Working alone. 30
- 31. 2 Work Environment Hazards 1. Weather conditions 2. Slips or trips possible 3. Limited access / egress 4. Exposure to energized electrical systems 5. Positions of fingers/ hands – pinch points 6. Working with tight clearances 31
- 32. 2 Task Anomalies 1. Loading dock not available for the task 2. Uncooperative driver 3. Equipment deficiencies (e.g. service brake) 4. Unusual load/ equipment 5. Equipment deficiencies 32
- 33. 2 Load Type - Lifted 1. Adequate machines not available for the task 2. Machine requires hoisting 3. Equipment/ people/ objects in immediate area 4. Load could shift causing unit to tip or fall 33
- 34. 2 Load Type - Pushed Pulled 1. Operator not present 2. Breaking system not functional 3. Runway conditions (not secured to driving machine) Loading/ Unloading in Confined Space 1. Sharp objects/ edges 2. Chemicals/ reactive chemicals 3. H2S / Dangerous atmosphere 34
- 35. 2 Overhead / Working at heights hazards. 1. Harness required /appropriate tie off identified 2. Falls from height 3. Hoisting or moving loads overhead 4. Task requiring you to work above your head 5. Barricades / signs / hole covers required 35
- 36. 2 If necessary, describe the hazards that have been checked off in more detail. Once the hazards have been identified then what steps are being taken to eliminate or control the risk. 36
- 37. 2 Work may commence once: All the members involved have discussed the hazards at the task location, and the hazards have been identified and control measures have been put in place to reduce the risk. 37
- 38. 2 Worker(s) must sign and date the FLRA. Once complete the supervisor must review and sign off on the FLRA. 38
- 39. CONCLUSION Because of the nature of work that Leavitt Machinery does Loading and Unloading machinery is a task that is completed many times each day at almost all locations. Take the time to assess the risks before proceeding even if you have done this task many times in the past. A few extra seconds can make a big difference between a costly incident and a successful task. 39