Logic Review
- 1. Logic Review
- 2. Inductive Reasoning: - the process of finding a general principal based upon the evidence of many specific instances. 1) Observe the data 2) recognize the patterns 3) make generalization from observations 4) check with more examples to confirm or refute conjecture
- 3. Deductive Reasoning: - the process of reasoning from accepted statements to a conclusion - to reason from known facts
- 4. Indicate whether the following is inductive or deductive along with whether or not it is valid It has rained out for the past 5 days, therefore it will rain out tomorrow. You need pre-cal grade 12 to enter engineering in University of Manitoba. Jenny is in engineering, therefore she has completed pre-cal grade 12.
- 5. Indicate the solution set Set A {1, 4, 6, 7, 13} Set B {2, 4, 5, 8, 13, 15} Set C {5, 9, 12, 15} a) Set A and Set B b) Set B and not set A c) Set C and Set A d) Set A or Set B
- 7. How do you know this car was built before the year 1990? Reasoning If the car was built before the 90's it would not have an mp3 player in it. It does have an mp3 player in it so it must be built after the year 1990. 1. Examine the conclusion you must prove Built after 1990 2. Assume the opposite of what you are proving Built before 1990 3. Use logical reasoning to develop a statement that is contradictory to your assumption. Need reasoning to contradict the statement built before 1990 If the car was built before the 90's it would not have an mp3 player in it. It does have an mp3 player in it so it must be built after the year 1990.
- 8. Example Prove that you were on time today Assume you were not on time If you were not on time then you would be marked late. You were not marked late, which contradicts our assumption Therefore, you were on time.
- 9. Logical Statements Conditional If P, then Q Converse If Q, then P Inverse If not P, then not Q Contrapositive If not Q, then Not P
- 10. If you like Pizza, then you like Cheese