![Example in Scala
def assert(cond: Boolean, msg: String): Unit
= macro assertImpl
def assertImpl(c: Context)
(cond: c.Expr[Boolean], msg: c.Expr[String]) = {
import c.universe._
q"if(!$cond){ throw new AssertionError($msg) }"
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/macroinscala-161001172413/85/Macro-in-Scala-5-320.jpg)
![Quill
● Database access library for Scala
● Do in compile-time by macro
○ Translate typesafe DSL to SQL
○ SQL validation against real database
val q = quote {
query[Person].filter(p => p.age > 18)
}
// SELECT p.id, p.name, p.age FROM Person p WHERE p.age > 18
http://getquill.io/](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/macroinscala-161001172413/85/Macro-in-Scala-9-320.jpg)
![Macro type
● def macro
○ callable as same as normal function
● Macro annotation
○ triggered by annotation
○ requires Macro Paradise plug-in
@main object Test {
println("hello world")
}
object Test {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
println("hello world")
}
}
Expand by Macro annotation](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/macroinscala-161001172413/85/Macro-in-Scala-11-320.jpg)
![reify
def assertImpl(c: Context)
(cond: c.Expr[Boolean], msg: c.Expr[String]) = {
import c.universe._
reify(if(!cond.splice){
throw new AssertionError(msg.splice)
})
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/macroinscala-161001172413/85/Macro-in-Scala-14-320.jpg)
![Quasiquotes
def assertImpl(c: Context)
(cond: c.Expr[Boolean], msg: c.Expr[String]) = {
import c.universe._
q"if(!$cond){ throw new AssertionError($msg) }"
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/macroinscala-161001172413/85/Macro-in-Scala-15-320.jpg)
Macro in Scala
- 1. Macro in Scala Naoki Takezoe @takezoen BizReach, Inc 1 Oct. 2016 #渋谷java 17th
- 3. C Expand special directive in source code before compilation by pre-processor #define square(x) ((x) * (x)) printf("i * i = %dn", i, square(i)); #define DEBUG #ifdef DEBUG printf("debug: i = %dn", i) #endif
- 4. Lisp (also Scala or Rust) Generate AST in compile-time (defmacro when (test &body body) `(if ,test (progn ,@body))) (progn (when (= 1 1) (print "Hello,") (print "World!!"))) (progn (if (= 1 1) (progn (print "Hello,") (print "World!!")))) Expand by Macro
- 5. Example in Scala def assert(cond: Boolean, msg: String): Unit = macro assertImpl def assertImpl(c: Context) (cond: c.Expr[Boolean], msg: c.Expr[String]) = { import c.universe._ q"if(!$cond){ throw new AssertionError($msg) }" }
- 6. Example in Scala assert(i == 1, "i does not 1") if(i == 1){ throw new AssertionError("i does not 1") } Expand by Macro Note: Macro have to be compiled before main compilation
- 7. Use cases
- 8. Use cases ● Validation ● Type generation ● DSL ● Optimization without runtime overhead
- 9. Quill ● Database access library for Scala ● Do in compile-time by macro ○ Translate typesafe DSL to SQL ○ SQL validation against real database val q = quote { query[Person].filter(p => p.age > 18) } // SELECT p.id, p.name, p.age FROM Person p WHERE p.age > 18 http://getquill.io/
- 10. Macro in Scala
- 11. Macro type ● def macro ○ callable as same as normal function ● Macro annotation ○ triggered by annotation ○ requires Macro Paradise plug-in @main object Test { println("hello world") } object Test { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = { println("hello world") } } Expand by Macro annotation
- 12. How to construct AST? ● AST model ● reify ● Quasiquotes
- 13. AST model def compileTimeImpl(c: Context)() = { Literal(Constant(new java.util.Date().toString)) }
- 14. reify def assertImpl(c: Context) (cond: c.Expr[Boolean], msg: c.Expr[String]) = { import c.universe._ reify(if(!cond.splice){ throw new AssertionError(msg.splice) }) }
- 15. Quasiquotes def assertImpl(c: Context) (cond: c.Expr[Boolean], msg: c.Expr[String]) = { import c.universe._ q"if(!$cond){ throw new AssertionError($msg) }" }
- 16. Future: scala.mata ● Metaprogramming toolkit for Scala ● Replace scala.reflect ○ More simple and safe ● Scala Macro will move to scala.meta based ○ Only Macro annotation is available by Macro Paradise plug-in currently