MBTI مقياس تحليل الشخصية بمقياس - اللغة الانجليزية
- 1. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Shelly Hoover-Plonk Assistant Director, Career Resources
- 2. Objectives of this Session • Increase self-awareness • Discover differences in people concerning energy source, information gathering, decision making & life style • Develop an appreciation for individual gifts & strengths • Learn how to capitalize on yours & others’ strengths to enhance your team’s performance • Identify areas or opportunities for personal or professional development
- 3. By the end of class, you will be able to: • Describe the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator • Describe the characteristics of your own MBTI type • Explain the differences between your type and other MBTI types • Explore how the MBTI can be used in a work/team environment and for career development
- 4. Guidelines • All workshop data should remain confidential • Everyone has a preferred pathway to excellence • We are all resources to others in the group • Questions are encouraged • We do not have to agree; we do need to understand • There are great variations within the 16 types • Personality type does not explain everything • When it comes to people -- there are few simple answers Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator in Organizations, Sandra Hirsh, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 1991
- 5. The MBTI is ... • a self-report instrument • nonjudgmental • an indicator of preferences • a way to sort, not to measure • well researched • rich in theory • professionally interpreted • used internationally Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator in Organizations, Sandra Hirsch, Consulting Psychologists, Inc., 1991
- 6. Factors that Influence Behavior You Situational Factors Historical Factors Developmental Issues Dispositional Behavior
- 7. • Based on Swiss psychologist Carl Jung’s “Type” Theory (1920s) • Behavior is individual and predictable • Developed by Katherine Briggs (mother) and Isabel Myers (daughter) (1940s) • 40+ years of research • Most widely used personality indicator in the world • Approximately 1 to 3 million people are administered the MBTI each year Background and History
- 8. The MBTI does not measure... • IQ • Psychiatric disturbances • Emotions • Trauma • Stress • Learning • “Normalcy” • Maturity • Illness • Affluence
- 9. Unethical Uses of the MBTI... • Hiring • Selecting • Promoting • Rewarding
- 10. Assumptions of Type Theory • Preferences are inborn. • Environment enhances or impedes expression of type. • We use both poles at different times, but not with equal confidence • All of the types are equally valuable. Copyright APT 1989
- 11. Preference Scales Extraversion ------------ Introversion Sensing ------------ INtuition Thinking ------------ Feeling Judgment ------------ Perception Using the Myers -Briggs Type Indicator in Organizations, Sandra Hirsh, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 1991.
- 12. • Attention focused outward: people, things, action • Using trial and error with confidence • Relaxed and confident • Scanning the environment for stimulation • Seeks variety and action • Wants to be with others • Live it, then understand it Where do you prefer to focus your attention? Where do you get energy? The E-I Dichotomy Extroversion ------------- Introversion • Attention focused inward: concepts, ideas, inner impressions, feelings • Considering deeply before acting • Reserved and questioning • Probing inwardly for stimulation • Seeks quiet for concentration • Wants time to be alone • Understand it, before live it Using the Myers-Brigge Type Indicator in Organizations , Sandra Hirsh, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 1991
- 13. MBTI Key Words Extraversion • Energized by being with others (outer world) • Breadth • Sociable • Initiates • Interaction • Multiple relationships • Many Introversion • Energized by being alone (inner world) • Depth • One-to-one discussion • Reflects • Concentration • Close relationships • Few
- 14. • Perceiving with the Five Senses • Reliance on experience and actual data • Practicality • In touch with physical realities • Attending to the present moment • Live life as it is • Prefers using learned skills • Pays attention to details • Makes few factual errors How do you prefer to take in information? The S-N Dichotomy Sensing ---------------------- iNtuition • Perceiving with memory and associations (Sixth Sense) • Seeing patterns and meanings • Innovation • Seeing possibilities • Future Achievement • Projecting possibilities for the future • Change, rearrange life • Prefers adding new skills • Looks at “big picture” • Identifies complex patterns Using the Myers-Brigge Type Indicator in Organizations , Sandra Hirsh, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 1991
- 15. MBTI Key Words Sensing • Facts • Data • Detail • Realistic • Literal • Actuality • Present • Utility • Sequential • Repetition • Conserve INtuition • Meanings • Associations • Possibilities • Speculative • Figurative • Theoretical • Future • Fantasy • Random • Variety • Change
- 16. • Decisions based on the logic of the situation • Uses cause and effect reasoning • Strive for an objective standard of truth • Can be “tough-minded” • Fair – want everyone treated equally How do you make decisions? The T-F Dichotomy Thinking ----------------- Feeling • Decisions based on impact on people • Guided by personal values • Strive for harmony and positive interactions • May appear “tenderhearted” • Fair – want everyone treated as an individual Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, in Organizations Sandra Hirsh, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 1991.
- 17. MBTI Key Words Thinking • Analysis • Objective • Logic • Impersonal • Critique • Reason • Criteria • Head • Justice • Analyze Feeling • Sympathy • Subjective • Humane • Personal • Appreciate • Values • Circumstances • Heart • Harmony • Empathize
- 18. • Focuses on completing task • Deciding and planning • Organizing and scheduling • Controlling and regulating • Goal oriented • Wanting closure even when data are incomplete • Wants only the essentials of the job • Focuses on starting tasks • Taking in information • Adapting and changing • Curious and interested • Open-minded • Resisting closure in order to obtain more data • Wants to find out about the job Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator in Organizations , Sandra Hirsh, Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 1991. How do you deal with the outer world? The J-P Dichotomy Judging --------------- Perceiving
- 19. MBTI Key Words Judging • Scheduled • Decisive • Self-regimented • Purposeful • Organized • Settled • Plan ahead • Control one’s life • Set goals • Systematic • Structure • Closure • Decide information Perceiving • Spontaneous • Tentative • Flexible • Adaptable • Pending • Flexible • Adapt as you go • Let life happen • Undaunted by surprise • Open to change • Flow • Options • Want more
- 21. MBTI Instrument Report • Report is produced with 2 kinds of information: – 1. Preference (E, I, S, N, T, F, J, P) – 2. “Clarity” score (Consistency an individual used to select a given preference. Not reflective of skill, competency, or magnitude)
- 22. Use of MBTI results Good – Self-awareness for better self- management – Identification of your behavior trends that have positive outcomes – Identification of your behavior trends that have less desirable outcomes – Link trends with other data points to clarify personal or professional developmental opportunities Not Good – Trying to predict other’s behavior – Trying to estimate another individual’s type (ex. You must be an extravert because you are so gregarious.) – Assuming that how a preference plays for you is exactly how it would play out for someone else – Justifying behavior (ex. Declaring that an individual “must be a P” because he is always late.)
- 23. Remember… • Personality type does not explain everything • When it comes to people -- there are few simple answers • Part of your MBA journey and Life journey is to keep learning and discovering more about YOURSELF and OTHERS • Enjoy the process
- 25. Resources • Kroeger, Otto; Thuesen, Janet M.; Rutledge, Hile (2002) Type Talk at Work. Dell Publishing, NY • Meyers, Isabel Briggs (1998) Introduction to Type. CPP, Inc., CA • Myers, Isabel Briggs (1980) Gifts Differing. Consulting Psychologists Press, CA • Kummerow, Jean; Barger, Nancy and Kirby, Linda (1997) Work Types. Warner Books, NY • Hirsh, Sandra Krebs (1996) Work It Out. Consulting Psychologists Press, CA • Keirsey, David (1998) Please Understand Me II. Prometheus Nemesis Book Company, CA • Kroeger, Otto and Thuesen, Janet M. (1992) The Workplace Files. Dell Publishing, NY • Kroeger, Otto and Thuesen, Janet M. (1988) Type Talk – The 16 Personality Types That Determine How We Live, Love, and Work. Dell Publishing, NY