The MicroKernel provides a remote procedure call interface for accessing a content management system and has two main implementations, while the NodeStore maps the MicroKernel concepts to Java interfaces and provides three main implementations, including the KernelNodeStore which maps to the MicroKernel. Both the MicroKernel and NodeStore are designed to work together to provide a content management system, with the MicroKernel handling the interface and serialization and the NodeStore mapping it to Java and providing different storage backends.