Microsoft Hyper-V explained

01 Microsoft Hyper-V

Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V
Requirements

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REQUIREMENTS
Description
 Hypervisor based virtualization platform
 Windows Server 2008 x64 Edition technology
Standard, Enterprise and Datacenter Editions

Hardware Requirements
 x64 server with hardware assisted virtualization
AMD AMD-V or Intel VT
 Hardware enabled Data Execution Prevention (DEP) required
AMD (NX no execute bit)
Intel (XD execute disable)
 Note: Enabling these BIOS features requires powering down (not
rebooting) the server to take effect

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Capabilities

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CAPABILITIES
 32-bit (x86) & 64-bit (x64) VMs
 Large memory support (64 GB) per VM
 SMP VMs (up to 4 cores)
 Integrated cluster support for HA & Quick Migration
 BitLocker: Seamless, secure data encryption
 Live Backup: Volume Shadow Service integration
 Pass-through disk access for VMs
 Virtual Machine snapshots
 New hardware sharing architecture (VSP/VSC/VMBus)
Disk, networking, input, video
 Robust networking: VLANs and NLB
 Based on DMTF for WMI management interface
 Support for Full or Server Core installations

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Overview

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OVERVIEW
Building on the rock-solid architecture of Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V
Integration with new technologies
Enabling new dynamic scenarios:
 Increased Server Consolidation
 Dynamic Data Center
 Virtualized Centralized Desktop

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Live Migration

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LIVE MIGRATION

#1 Customer Request

Moving a virtual machine from one server to another without
dropped network connection or user perceived downtime

Enables dynamic datacenter scenarios
Servicing
Load balancing VMs for power
Load balancing VMs for CPU

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LIVE MIGRATION

Live Migration via Failover Cluster Manager
In box UI

Live Migration via System Center Virtual Machine Manager
Orchestrate migrations via policy

Moving from Quick to Live Migration:
Guest OS limitations?: No
Changes to VMs needed?: No
Changes to Storage infrastructure: No
Changes to Network Infrastructure: No
Update to Hyper-V: Yes

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LIVE MIGRATION
Quick Migration Live Migration
(Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V) (Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V)
1. Save state 1. VM State/Memory Transfer
a) Create VM on the target a) Create VM on the target
b) Write VM memory to shared storage b) Move memory pages from the source to
the target via Ethernet
2. Move virtual machine
a) Move storage connectivity from
2. Final state transfer and virtual
source host to target host via Ethernet machine restore
a) Pause virtual machine
3. Restore state & Run
b) Move storage connectivity from source
a) Take VM memory from shared storage host to target host via Ethernet
and restore on Target
b) Run 3. Resume

Host 1 Host 2 Host 1 Host 2
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Migration & Storage

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Migration & Storage

Today: Windows Server 2008 Hyper-V

Management Overhead one VM per LUN
100 VMs = 100 LUNs
Drive letter limitations

Solutions:

Use drive GUIDs

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Migration & Storage
Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V
NEW Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)
Required for Live Migration

CSV provides a single consistent file name space;

All Windows Server 2008 R2 servers see the same storage
Easy setup; Uses NTFS
No reformatting SANs
Create one big data store
No more drive letter problems
Existing tools just work

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Cluster Shared Volumes

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Cluster Shared Volumes
All servers “see” the same storage

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New Processor Feature Support

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New Processor Feature Support

Second Level Address Translation (SLAT)
Uses new processor features to improve performance and
reduce load on Windows Hypervisor
AMD: Nested Page Tables (NPT)
Intel: Extended Page Tables (EPT)

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Virtual Storage

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Hot Add/Remove Storage

Overview
Add and remove VHD and pass-through disks to a
running VM without requiring a reboot.
Hot-add/remove disk applies to VHDs and pass-through
disks attached to the virtual SCSI controller
Benefits
Enables storage growth in VMs without downtime
Enables additional datacenter backup scenarios
Enables new SQL/Exchange scenarios

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Networking

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Networking

Extending TCP Offload support for Virtual machines
 TCP/IP traffic in a VM can be offloaded to a physical NIC on the host
computer.
Benefits
 Reduce CPU burden
 Networking offload to improve performance
Live Migration is supported with TCP Offload

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Networking

Virtual Machine Queue (VMQ) Support
Overview
NIC can DMA packets directly into VM memory
VM Device buffer gets assigned to one of the queues
Avoids packet copies in the VSP
Avoids route lookup in the virtual switch (VMQ Queue ID)
Allows the NIC to essentially appear as multiple NICs on the physical host
(queues)
Benefits
Host no longer has device DMA data in its own buffer resulting in a shorter
path length for I/O (performance gain)

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Networking

Jumbo Frame Support
 Ethernet frames >1,500 bytes
 Ad hoc standard is ~9k
Overview
 Enables 6x larger payload per packet
Benefits
 Improves throughput
 Reduce CPU utilization of large file
transfers

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Terminal Services –Virtualization

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Terminal Services –Virtualization
Overview
 TSV - Virtualized “Centralized Desktop” provisioning, access and management
solution on top of Hyper-V
 Unified user and admin experience for traditional TS (session per user) and
TSV (VM per user).
 Deployment Scenarios
Temporary (until Logoff) VM per user Assignment
Permanent VM per user assignment
 Built-in solution for low complexity deployments
Features and management are tuned for Entry Level deployments.
Example: 4 TS/TSVM Servers with few apps.

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Summary

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Summary

 Hyper-V is high-performance and deployed in massive scale production
environments.
 Long running collaboration between Intel and Microsoft is producing
great results.
 Great Hyper-V scaling and IO performance on Intel® Xeon® processors.

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Microsoft Hyper-V explained

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