This document discusses instructional design models that can be used to create efficient and effective mobile learning experiences. It describes Merrill's definition of instructional design as creating instructional experiences that make learning more efficient, effective and appealing. It then outlines the ADDIE model, Thiagi's 4-door model, Cathy Moore's Action Mapping process and Michael Allen's CCAF model, explaining the stages or entry points in each. It concludes by suggesting questions instructional designers can ask themselves about how to apply these models to design projects, enhance the learner experience, and save time and effort.