![ADDIE MODEL
INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS DESIGN (ISD), IS THE PRACTICE OF CREATING "INSTRUCTIONAL EXPERIENCES WHICH
MAKE THE ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL MORE EFFICIENT, EFFECTIVE, AND APPEALING."[1] THE PROCESS
CONSISTS BROADLY OF DETERMINING THE STATE AND NEEDS OF THE LEARNER, DEFINING THE END GOAL OF
INSTRUCTION, AND CREATING SOME "INTERVENTION" TO ASSIST IN THE TRANSITION. THE OUTCOME OF THIS
INSTRUCTION MAY BE DIRECTLY OBSERVABLE AND SCIENTIFICALLY MEASURED OR COMPLETELY HIDDEN AND
ASSUMED.[2] THERE ARE MANY INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODELS BUT MANY ARE BASED ON THE ADDIE
MODEL WITH THE FIVE PHASES: ANALYSIS, DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION. AS A
FIELD, INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN IS HISTORICALLY AND TRADITIONALLY ROOTED IN COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL
PSYCHOLOGY, THOUGH RECENTLY CONSTRUCTIVISM HAS INFLUENCED THINKING IN THE FIELD](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/addiemodel-180108210133/85/Addie-Model-1-320.jpg)
Addie Model
- 1. ADDIE MODEL INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEMS DESIGN (ISD), IS THE PRACTICE OF CREATING "INSTRUCTIONAL EXPERIENCES WHICH MAKE THE ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL MORE EFFICIENT, EFFECTIVE, AND APPEALING."[1] THE PROCESS CONSISTS BROADLY OF DETERMINING THE STATE AND NEEDS OF THE LEARNER, DEFINING THE END GOAL OF INSTRUCTION, AND CREATING SOME "INTERVENTION" TO ASSIST IN THE TRANSITION. THE OUTCOME OF THIS INSTRUCTION MAY BE DIRECTLY OBSERVABLE AND SCIENTIFICALLY MEASURED OR COMPLETELY HIDDEN AND ASSUMED.[2] THERE ARE MANY INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODELS BUT MANY ARE BASED ON THE ADDIE MODEL WITH THE FIVE PHASES: ANALYSIS, DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION. AS A FIELD, INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN IS HISTORICALLY AND TRADITIONALLY ROOTED IN COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY, THOUGH RECENTLY CONSTRUCTIVISM HAS INFLUENCED THINKING IN THE FIELD
- 2. ANALYSIS • WHO ARE THE LEARNERS AND WHAT ARE THEIR CHARACTERISTICS? • WHAT IS THE DESIRED NEW BEHAVIOR? • WHAT TYPES OF LEARNING CONSTRAINTS EXIST? • WHAT ARE THE DELIVERY OPTIONS? • WHAT ARE THE PEDAGOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS? • WHAT ADULT LEARNING THEORY CONSIDERATIONS APPLY? • WHAT IS THE TIMELINE FOR PROJECT COMPLETION?
- 3. THE DESIGN PHRASE • THE DESIGN PHASE DEALS WITH LEARNING OBJECTIVES, ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS, EXERCISES, CONTENT, SUBJECT MATTER ANALYSIS, LESSON PLANNING, AND MEDIA SELECTION. THE DESIGN PHASE SHOULD BE SYSTEMATIC AND SPECIFIC. SYSTEMATIC MEANS A LOGICAL, ORDERLY METHOD THAT IDENTIFIES, DEVELOPS, AND EVALUATES A SET OF PLANNED STRATEGIES FOR ATTAINING PROJECT GOALS. SPECIFIC MEANS THE TEAM MUST EXECUTE EACH ELEMENT OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN PLAN WITH ATTENTION TO DETAIL. THE DESIGN PHASE MAY INVOLVE WRITING A DESIGN DOCUMENT/DESIGN PROPOSAL OR CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE NOTE TO AID FINAL DEVELOPMENT.
- 4. DEVELOPMENT PHRASE • IN THE DEVELOPMENT PHASE, INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGNERS AND DEVELOPERS CREATE AND ASSEMBLE CONTENT ASSETS DESCRIBED IN THE DESIGN PHASE. IF E-LEARNING IS INVOLVED, PROGRAMMERS DEVELOP OR INTEGRATE TECHNOLOGIES. DESIGNERS CREATE STORYBOARDS. TESTERS DEBUG MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES. THE TEAM REVIEWS AND REVISES THE PROJECT ACCORDING TO FEEDBACK.
- 5. IMPLEMENTATION PHASE • THE IMPLEMENTATION PHASE DEVELOPS PROCEDURES FOR TRAINING FACILITATORS AND LEARNERS. TRAINING FACILITATORS COVER THE COURSE CURRICULUM, LEARNING OUTCOMES, METHOD OF DELIVERY, AND TESTING PROCEDURES. PREPARATION FOR LEARNERS INCLUDES TRAINING THEM ON NEW TOOLS (SOFTWARE OR HARDWARE) AND STUDENT REGISTRATION. IMPLEMENTATION INCLUDES EVALUATION OF THE DESIGN.
- 6. EVALUATION PHASE • THE EVALUATION PHASE CONSISTS OF TWO ASPECTS: FORMATIVE AND SUMMATIVE. FORMATIVE EVALUATION IS PRESENT IN EACH STAGE OF THE ADDIE PROCESS, WHILE SUMMATIVE EVALUATION IS CONDUCTED ON FINISHED INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS OR PRODUCTS.
- 7. ADDIE MODEL Analysis Design Development Implement Evaluate