Modal verbs - good slide for practing Modal verbs

 Os verbos modais (modal verbs) são
um tipo especial de verbos auxiliares
que alteram ou completam o sentido
do verbo principal.

 De um modo geral, estes verbos expressam
ideias como capacidade, obrigação, desejo,
possibilidade, permissão, proibição,
dedução, suposição, pedido, vontade, ou,
ainda, indicam o tom da conversa (formal /
informal).
 Os verbos modais (modal verbs) podem ser
chamados também de modal auxiliaries ou
apenas modals.

 May I use your book? (Permissão)
(Posso usar seu livro?)
 He may be in the library. (Possibilidade)
(Ele pode estar na biblioteca.)
 Sorry, I can not understand what you are saying.
(Capacidade)
(Desculpa, não consigo entender o que você
está dizendo.)

 The students must behave as I say. (Obrigação)
(Os alunos devem se comportar como eu digo.)
 She must be very busy, since she has three
children, a job and a house to take care.
(Suposição)
(Ela deve ser muito ocupada, já que tem três
filhos, um emprego e uma casa para cuidar.)
 Shall we go for a drink after work? (Convite)
(Vamos tomar um drinque após o trabalho?)

 Can I leave now? (Permissão - Tom informal)
(Posso sair agora?)
 Could I leave now? (Permissão - Tom formal)
(Eu poderia sair agora?)

 She can arrive after dinner. (Possibilidade)
(Ela pode chegar depois do jantar.)
 She must be at the hotel. (Dedução)
(Ela deve estar no hotel.)
 You should see a dentist. (Conselho)
(Você devia ir a um dentista.)

1. Os verbos modais não existem na forma
infinitiva, ou seja, não são precedidos pela
partícula to (indicação de infinitivo) nem
seguidos por ela, com exceção de ought to:
 She can play the violin.
(Ela sabe tocar violino.)
 You must do the tasks.
(Você deve fazer as tarefas.)

 He might come here tomorrow.
(Ele deve vir aqui amanhã. / Pode ser
que / Talvez ele venha aqui amanhã.)
 You should see a doctor. You are
always complaining about headaches.
(Você devia ir ao médico, pois está
sempre reclamando de dores de
cabeça.)

2. Não necessitam de outros verbos
auxiliares para as formas interrogativas
e negativas, já que eles próprios são
auxiliares:
 May I come in?
(Posso entrar?)
 Could you do me a favor?
(Você poderia me fazer um favor?)

 I could not finish my homework
yesterday night.
(Não consegui terminar minha lição
ontem à noite.)
 He can not come.
(Ele não pode vir.)

3. Os verbos modais nunca são flexionados, ou
seja, possuem a mesma forma para todos os
sujeitos; também não podem ser usados nos
Progressive / Continuous Tenses e não formam
passado com -ed:
 She must be late.
(Ela deve estar atrasada.)
 I can ski; she can ski; he can ski; we can ski;
they can ski.

4. Podem ser acompanhados pelo auxiliar be,
frequentemente seguido de gerúndio,
expressando tempo presente ou futuro, ou pelo
auxiliar have seguido de particípio,
expressando tempo passado:
 He may be studying now.
(Ele deve estar estudando agora.)
 Take your umbrella. It may be raining when
you leave your job.
(Leve seu guarda-chuva. Pode estar chovendo
quando você sair do trabalho.)

 She must have changed her mind.
(Ela deve ter mudado de ideia.)
 You could have told me before.
(Você poderia ter me dito antes.)
 Do you think she can still be working?
It's very late.
(Você acha que ela pode estar
trabalhando ainda? É muito tarde.)

5. Nas orações negativas deve-se
acrescentar not logo após o verbo
modal:
 I can not stay here.
(Não posso ficar aqui.)
 Passengers must not use their cell
phones on board airplane.
(Os passageiros não podem usar
seus celulares a bordo do avião.)

 You should not talk to your mother loud.
(Você não deveria falar alto com a sua
mãe.)
 I could not speak English before going to
England.
(Eu não sabia falar Inglês antes de ir para
Inglaterra.)
 It may not rain tonight.
(Pode ser que não chova esta noite.)

VERBOS MODAIS FORMA NEGATIVA
FORMA NEGATIVA
CONTRAÍDA
Can Cannot Can't
May May not ---x---
Must Must not Mustn't
Shall Shall not Shan't
Will Will not Won't
Could Could not Couldn't
Might Might not Mightn't
Ought to Ought not to Oughtn't to
Should Should not Shouldn't
Would Would not Wouldn't

a. O negativo de can é cannot, no entanto, a
forma negativa mais comum de can é a
contraída can't:
 You can't (cannot) smoke here.
(Você não pode fumar aqui.)
 He can't (cannot) speak Chinese.
(Ele não sabe falar Chinês.)

b. Não há forma contraída para
may not:
 He may not be very rich.
(Ele não deve ser muito rico.)
 It may not be true.
(Não deve ser verdade.)

6. A forma interrogativa se faz
colocando o verbo modal antes do
sujeito, à semelhança dos demais
auxiliares:
 Shall we go to the movies?
(Vamos ao cinema?)
 Ought he to take any medicine?
(Ele deveria tomar algum remédio?)

 Shall we order?
(Vamos fazer o pedido?)
 Should I wait for you here?
(Devo te esperar aqui?)
 Can you speak Italian? I need someone
to translate this for me.
(Você sabe falar Italiano? Preciso de
alguém que traduza isto para mim.)

 Should they be here when you get
home?
(Eles devem estar aqui quando você
chegar em casa?)
 Could you tell me why you didn't
come to our meeting?
(Você poderia me dizer por que não
veio à nossa reunião?)

 Will Alice be there?
(A Alice estará lá?)
 May I use your pen?
(Posso usar sua caneta?)
 Would you like a cup of coffee?
(Você gostaria de uma xícara de
café?)

7. Can e could podem ser substituídos por be
able to (ser capaz de) quando expressam sentido
de capacidade, habilidade ou possibilidade de
fazer algo. Diferentemente dos demais modal
verbs, a expressão be able to se conjuga em
todos os tempos:
 He is able to play soccer.
(Ele sabe jogar futebol.)
 Was she able to buy everything she needed?
(Ela conseguiu comprar tudo de que precisava?)

8. Quando can / could expressam sentido de
permissão para fazer algo, podem ser
substituídos, também, por be allowed to.
Diferentemente dos demais modal verbs, a
expressão be allowed to se conjuga em todos
os tempos:
 You can't enter this room.
=
 You are not allowed to enter this room.
(Você não pode entrar nesta sala)

 My cousins could watch as much tv as they
wanted. (Meus primos podiam ver televisão o
quanto eles quisessem) = My cousins were
allowed to watch as much tv as they wanted.
 Listen, you can't speak during the exam.
(Escutem, vocês não podem falar durante a
prova.) = Listen, you are not allowed to
speak during the exam.

9. Geralmente, os modals não se referem a um
tempo específico: presente, passado ou futuro.
Para determinar o tempo, acrescentam-se
auxiliares, como, por exemplo, have seguido
do particípio passado do verbo principal para
expressar o passado, ou se utilizam locuções
adverbiais. Para expressar ações futuras ou
passadas utilizamos be able to e be allowed to,
quando possível, pois estas expressões podem
ser conjugadas em todos os tempos verbais:
 CORRECT: He will be able to go with us.
 NOT CORRECT: He will can go with us.

 CORRECT: She must have studied very hard.
 NOT CORRECT: She musted study very hard.
 - Will e Shall são exceções.
São os únicos modals que indicam
especificamente o tempo - no caso, futuro.

10. Os modal verbs não podem ser
usados um após o outro:
 NOT CORRECT: You could should
talk to me first.

11. Could, em alguns casos, é usado como
passado de can:
 When I was younger I could play tennis very
well.
(Eu sabia jogar tênis muito bem quando era
pequeno.)
 I could speak a little Arabic.
(Eu sabia falar um pouco Árabe.)

1. Shopaholics could be sexually frustrated,
might suffer from lack of self-esteem, or they
may just have a neurotic reaction to television
commercials and glossy advertisements.
– The modals COULD, MIGHT and MAY appear
in the text to express the idea of:
a) permission.
b) possibility.
c) intention.
d) prohibition.
e) ability.

2. Research shows that sunscreens may not be
as effective as hoped at preventing sunburn.
Users may be spending long hours in the sun
with a false sense of security.
– The word MAY expresses the idea of:
a) permission.
b) prohibition.
c) possibility.
d) obligation.
e) expectation.

3. Qual destas expressões corresponde a "ele
não deveria ter feito isso"?
a) He mustn't have made it;
b) He shouldn't have done that;
c) He could not have made it;
d) He might not have done that;
e) He cannot have done that.

4. Janet: Look, our boat is sinking!
Peter: Oh, dear! Can you swim?
Janet: Yes, but we won't have to, there's a life
boat on board.
– In the above dialogue, the verbs CAN and
HAVE TO express respectively ______ and _____.
a) ability – obligation
b) permission – prohibition
c) possibility – prohibition
d) permission – possibility
e) ability – necessity

5. Choose the right answer:
We ______ hurry. The bus leaves in 10 minutes.
a) can
b) must
c) do
d) did
e) would

6. Assinale a tradução correta da frase entre
aspas apresentada no diálogo a seguir:
- "Can you tell me how to get there?"
- Of course I can.
a) Você pode me dizer como se consegue isso lá?
b) Quem pode me contar como se faz isso?
c) Você pode me ensinar o caminho?
d) Como se pode ir de lá para cá?
e) Você consegue atravessar para o outro lado?

7. Assinale a versão correta da frase entre aspas:
"Não posso comprar um carro novo.“
a) I shouldn't be thinking of a new car.
b) I can't afford a new car.
c) I can't buy anything new.
d) If it is new, I don't want it.
e) Who needs a new car anyway?

8. Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa
que preenche corretamente a lacuna da frase
apresentada:
Bob, __________ you do me a real favor?
a) have
b) could
c) must
d) ought
e) should

9. Assinale a alternativa correta:
Doctors and dentists should always __________
with their training.
a) continued
b) continue
c) continuing
d) will continued
e) have continue

10. The word CAN in "Loneliness itself is hard
to define. People aren't always lonely when
they're alone, but they CAN feel lonely when
surrounded by other people" expresses:
a) obligation.
b) necessity.
c) permission.
d) possibility.
e) intention.

Could I __________ earlier tomorrow?
a) to leave
b) leave
c) leaves
d) left
e) leaving

12. I should get my hair cut.
– 'Should' means:
a) would.
b) had to.
c) ought to.
d) might.
e) may.

I'm sorry the train was late and I ________ arrive
earlier.
a) couldn't
b) ought not
c) don't
d) mustn't
e) wouldn't

14. Indicate the alternative that best completes
the following sentence:
"He might have done it." So, __________.
a) he was permitted to do it.
b) we don't know whether he did it or not.
c) he didn't do it.
d) he did it.
e) he wasn't able to do it.

15. The word CAN in "consumers can start
questioning advertising" expresses:
a) obligation.
b) probability.
c) permission.
d) intention.
e) ability.

16. I would like to find an agency or agencies
that might be interested in using the images
for textbooks, calendars or postcards.
– A forma verbal MIGHT BE exprime:
a) necessidade.
b) certeza.
c) probabilidade.
d) condição.
e) obrigação.

17. Fill in the following sentence correctly:
In my opinion, Marla __________ study harder.
She__________ be approved, but she __________
improve.
a) can – could – ought
b) should – can –must
c) ought to – should – can
d) should –must – cannot
e) ought – can – must

18. Match the columns below. Then mark the option which provides the
correct order of the second column:
Coluna I
(1) Shall I switch off
(2) Could I carry
(3) Can I take
(4) I'll help
(5) Would you like
Coluna II
( ) you do the washing up.
( ) your coat?
( ) those bags for you?
( ) something to drink?
( ) the lights?
– The option that shows the correct order of the second column is:
a) 4 – 3 – 2 – 5 – 1
b) 5 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 4
c) 4 – 2 – 3 – 1 – 5
d) 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 5
e) 5 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 1

19. In which of the statements does the
modal MUST express necessity?
a) There's somebody in the other office. It
must be my boss!
b) You mustn't smoke here!
c) She must be a very good student. She
always gets A's.
d) I must go right now!
e) Who must he be? There are lots of people
around him!

20. Look how wet the ground is. It
__________ last night.
a) might be sunny
b) must have rained
c) should have been warm
d) may be snowing
e) ought to dry

21. Complete the sentence below
correctly:
“I’m sure she isn’t here. She ______ be
at home”.
a) must
b) won’t
c) will
d) shall
e) Have to

22. Qual é a forma negativa da frase
“They could work together”?
a) Not they could work together.
b) They not could work together.
c) They could not work together.
d) They could work together not.
e) They could work not together.

23. Marque a alternativa cuja frase não
apresente um Modal Verb.
a) You shouldn’t drink much.
b) May I ask you a question?
c) She had gone to Italy.
d) We must obey the law.
e) Shall we go to the movies?

24. Qual é a forma interrogativa da
frase “I should have lunch with him”?
a) Have I should lunch with him?
b) Do I should have lunch with him?
c) I should have lunch with him?
d) Should I have lunch with him?
e) Had I should have lunch with him?

25. Marque a alternativa que
corresponda à tradução correta da frase
“Ele não deveria ter feito isso!”.
a) He mightn’t have done that.
b) He cannot have done that.
c) He wouldn’t have done that.
d) He shouldn’t have done that.
e) He may not have done that.

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