The document discusses the Montessori method of education. It was developed by Maria Montessori, an Italian physician, in 1909. The key ideas of the Montessori method are that education should work with the nature of the child by allowing them freedom to work at their own pace using hands-on materials. This self-directed learning helps children develop self-discipline, social skills, and academic competence. The Montessori method benefits children by cultivating their natural desire to learn and work.