MS 5.4 UNITY.ppt
- 2. PROBLEM OF UNITY Unity was one of the main problems in the struggle for independence. Due to diversity of origin, culture and religion. It was also the result of the British DIVIDE and RULE policy that isolated them according to place of residence and occupation.- no opportunity for interaction and a gap was created. Japanese employed some malays Japanese anti to Chinese due to Japanese –China war Revenge after taken war even create hatred feeling among ethnics
- 3. COMMUNITY LIASON COMMITTEE (CLC) 1949 MCP war (emergency) made unity among multiracial ethnic worsened CLC established by British in order to be platform for Chinese and Malay discussed about their demands 6 Malays + 6 Chinese + Ceylonese+ Eurosian+ European+Indian. Malcom Mac Donald as chairman Chinese demanded citizenship Malays demanded special right
- 4. EDUCATION POLICY The British govt. tried to overcome the problems thru the educational system. The Barnes Report 1951 suggested that the same medium of instruction be used in the schools, English at the secondary and Malay at the primary. The Chinese objected thru the Fenn-Wu Report 1951 and wanted the Chinese schools to be continued. Education ordinance introduce to uniforms education system.
- 5. Member System (MS) In April 1951 the British introduced the Member System in the Federal Legislative Council to provide local people the opportunity to be involved in the admin. system. The purpose of MS – to appoint local reps. to the post of head of dept. in the central govt. The MS experience brought many benefits. Local leaders received training in admin. matters. – acquired the skills to rule after independence. Created the spirit of cooperation among races thru joint administration
- 6. The Elections The first election was Georgetown City Council in Dec 1951. The second was the Kuala Lumpur City Council election held in Feb 1952. UMNO, teamed up with MCA and won 9 out of 12 seats contested. MCA was first formed as a welfare organization fought for the rights and interest of the Chinese but later changed as a political party.
- 7. The Elections The result was wide support for the Alliance. (UMNO, MCA) This signified the open-hearted of the people to sacrifice and willing to share their power and compromise for unity.
- 8. Demands for General Election The Alliance (UMNO & MCA) requested for a general election in 1954. People representatives elected thru general election (GE) to have three-fifth of the voice in the Federal Legislative Council.(FLC) The Council of Malay Rulers (CMR) proposed that the GE held in 1955 and the people’s representatives form half the members of the FLC. British to agree to have election in 1955 and 52 seat contested out of 98 seat in FLC
- 9. The General Elections (GE) The first GE was held on 27 July 1955 thru out Malaya. Parties contested were:- - Alliance (UMNO, MCA and MIC) - PAS - Parti Negara - Parti Buruh - Parti Progresif Rakyat. - Party Progresif Perak
- 10. The General Elections (GE) A total of 52 seats were contested. Alliance won 51 seats Following the GE, the System of Members was changed to the System of Ministers Tunku was appointed the first Chief Minister of Malaya. Tunku tried to fullfill election’s promises to End Communist war Get Independence for Malaya