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MULTI THREADING MODEL
By,
R.Annalakshmi,
20PA03,
Operating system,
1-MCA
1
11-04-2021
Types Multi Thread Model:
To establish relationship between user thread and kernel
thread it’s called multi threading model.
 Many-to-one model
 One-to-one model
 Many-to-many model
2
11-04-2021
Many-to-one model:
3
11-04-2021
• Many user level thread to one kernel
level thread.
• Thread management is done by the
thread library in user space.so,it is
efficient.
• The entire process will block if a thread
makes a blocking system call.
• Multiple threads are unable to run in
parallel of multiprocessors.
• Ex: ticket booking
One-to-one model:
11-04-2021 4
• Each user thread have one kernel thread.
• Provides more concurrency then the
many-to-many model by allowing
another thread to run when a thread
makes a blocking system call.
• Also multiple threads run in a parallel of
multi processor.
• Creating a user thread requires
corresponding level of kernel thread.
Many-to-many-model:
11-04-2021 5
• Multiplexes many user-level threads to a
smaller or equal number of kernel threads.
• The number of kernel threads may be
specific to either a particular application or
a particular machine.
• Also, when a thread performs a blocking
system call, the kernel can schedule another
thread for execution.
• Ex: network
11-04-2021 6

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Multi threading model

  • 2. Types Multi Thread Model: To establish relationship between user thread and kernel thread it’s called multi threading model.  Many-to-one model  One-to-one model  Many-to-many model 2 11-04-2021
  • 3. Many-to-one model: 3 11-04-2021 • Many user level thread to one kernel level thread. • Thread management is done by the thread library in user space.so,it is efficient. • The entire process will block if a thread makes a blocking system call. • Multiple threads are unable to run in parallel of multiprocessors. • Ex: ticket booking
  • 4. One-to-one model: 11-04-2021 4 • Each user thread have one kernel thread. • Provides more concurrency then the many-to-many model by allowing another thread to run when a thread makes a blocking system call. • Also multiple threads run in a parallel of multi processor. • Creating a user thread requires corresponding level of kernel thread.
  • 5. Many-to-many-model: 11-04-2021 5 • Multiplexes many user-level threads to a smaller or equal number of kernel threads. • The number of kernel threads may be specific to either a particular application or a particular machine. • Also, when a thread performs a blocking system call, the kernel can schedule another thread for execution. • Ex: network