The document discusses different approaches to narrative structure. Aristotle believed narratives should have a beginning, middle, and end with a clear point of entry, progression through the middle, and exit. Todorov suggests narratives have five stages - an initial equilibrium, a disruption, recognition of the disruption, an attempt to restore equilibrium, and either a restored or new equilibrium. Propp identified seven character roles that may appear in a story - villain, donor, helper, princess, dispatcher, hero, and false hero. Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as consisting of binary opposites like good vs evil, black vs white, and peace vs war.