NATURAL RESOURCES DEFINITION AND TYPES.pdf
- 1. Presented By: Dr. N. Sannigrahi, Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Nistarini College, Purulia (W.B) INDIA-723101
- 2. Encyclopedia of Social Sciences- Resource is that particular factor of the environment that meet ort help to meet the needs of man and /or human society. “ Resource is a commodity that can be used to satisfy human needs”- Hutchinson. According to Zimmerman, the word ‘resource’ does not refer to a thing or a substance but to a function which a thing or substance may perform or to an operation in which it may take part , namely, the function or operation attaining a given end such as , satisfying a want. All material and non-material attributes come under three categories- Resource, Resistance and Neutral staff. Opposite of resource is resistance - everything required for the proper maintenance of ecosystem will be resource and anything which disrupt the system will be considered as resistance
- 3. Natural resources are resources that are drawn from nature and used with few modifications. This includes the sources of valued characteristics such as commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest, and cultural value. Natural resources refer to products of biological, ecological, or geological processes that satisfy human wants, including game species, soils, mineral ores, timber, and water. They also encompass ecosystem services essential for economic production and the maintenance of life, such as carbon sequestration and flood attenuation.
- 4. Resource is different from wealth. Wealth has exchange- value whereas resource has use-value. Resource is functional and got usability. Resource is both tangible and intangible Petroleum, gold if tangible than Health, Knowledge, Friendship are intangible. Resource may be natural, cultural, man made etc. The concept of resource is dynamic since it includes functionality. It is dynamic concept. Resource and resistance go hand in hand . Man is a resource , but explosion of population is a resistance. Destructibility- Uneven distribution Versatility-
- 5. Resources are three types- Natural, Human and Cultural NATURAL RESOURCES 1. Inexhaustible natural resources i. Atmosphere, ii. Water in cycle II. Replaceable and maintainable natural resources i. Water in place, ii. Soil, iii. Land in spatial sense, iv. Forests, v. Forge and other cover plants, vi. Wild animal life, vii. Human Resources
- 6. Irreplaceable Natural Resources i. Minerals, ii. Metals, iii. Mineral fuel and lubricants, iv. Miscellaneous non-fuel and non- metallic, v. Land in natural condition CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF RENEWABILITY i. Renewable Resources- do not get exhausted on account of their utilization and can be regenerated and renewed like forest resource. ii. Non-renewable resources- be generated and renewed and once , they are exhausted , get exhausted for ever like fossil fuels. iii. Cyclic resources- can be utilized repeatedly like water that can be renewed time and again.
- 7. CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF ORIGIN i. Abiotic or Inorganic resources- Found in the earth in the form of solids, liquids and gases like water, minerals. ii. Organic or Biotic resources- All living components and their organic products constitute this group of resources like flora, fauna etc. ON THE BASIS OF UTILITY It may be different type on the basis of utilities like Power resources, Mineral resources, Timber resources, Animal resources, Plant resources etc. HUMAN RESOURCES- Productive power of humans consists of physical ability and intelligence, skill, creative abilities, talents, attitudes. CULTURAL RESOURCES- Innovative, organizational, technical and other constructive abilities of human beings, efficient utilization of resources necessitates the cultural attributes.
- 8. i. During the present age of the spread of industrialization through out the world, utilization of the resources are inescapable. ii. The quality of life is equated with the standard of living that can be summarize by the following equation: L= R*E*I/ P L= The average standard of living as measured by the useful consumption of goods and services, R= The useful consumption of resources such as metals, non-metals, soil , water etc. E= The useful consumption of energy, I= The useful consumption of all ingenuity including technical, social and political. P= The total number of people involved in the system. (V.E. Mckelvey, 1973)
- 9. Both E and R represent non-renewable mineral resources. If population growth continues, the supply of mineral resources may fall short to address the demand in the distant future. The standard of living is better for economics making more efficient use of energy, other minerals and skill or innovate ideas. The increase of population growth rate is an expression of improved standard living as measured by the above relation are becoming increasingly disproportionate. The generation of waste is also increasing together with reduction in forest cover and vegetation. Since minerals contain several elements in association with the extracted metals or minerals, pollution of water resources , increased load of sedimentation etc, have significant effects, at least locally.
- 10. Natural resources interpreted to mean all land, minerals, waters, vegetation and wildlife useful to mankind, Chief conservation problems include control and management of land and its products, Conservation is largely applied ecology, plans for management of soil, water and biota fail in effectiveness unless based upon the principles of ecology. Foundation of solid ecological studies is required for conservation, Mineral resources are not properly utilized, we have to face the grave dangers in future. THANK YOU