Navyug
- 1. Manthan Topic : BOOSTING SKILLSET Increasing the employability of youth Team Details TEAM NAME - “NAVYUG” Team Coordinator – Akanksha Singh Team Members – 1. Garima Kapoor 3.Sucheta Rai 2. Rajni Yadav 4. Varsha Doharey
- 2. The main hope of a nation lies in the proper education of the YOUTH – Erasmus According to UNESCO “Youth” is best understood as a period of transition from the dependence of childhood to adulthood’s independence. However, age is the easiest way to define this group, particularly in relation to education and employment. According to the Census of India 2001 , the total population of India was 1,028.61 million .Nearly 40% of the population was in the age group 0f 13-35 years , the number of youth aged 15-24 years accounted for 19.0 % of the whole population.
- 3. 1. 1.The first National Youth Policy was formulated in 1988 in India. In 1985, the international year of the youth, the Department of Youth Affairs , Ministry of Human Resource Development , Government of India initiated a proposal to formulate a National Youth Policy. Removal of unemployment had been recognized as the most important component of this youth program . 1.2 Some of the need and concerns for youth according to this National Youth Policy , 1988 were – • Developing an identity - Encourage youth to explore themselves and try to establish their own identity. • Inability to pursue education – many adolescents drop out of school because of poverty. There is inadequate opportunity to continue education and upgrade vocational skills. • Lack of skills to face the challenges of life. •There is also an urgent need to strengthen power of volunteerism to engage young people. Medium to long-term trends of unemployment indicate that all through the 1990s and the following period of five years, there was a steady rise in unemployment rates, measured either in terms of person-days or in terms of open unemployment rates. (Figure 3) Figure 3: Unemployment Rate (in %) over the Years
- 4. The National Youth Policy - 2003 is designed to galvanize the youth to rise up to the new challenges keeping in view the global scenario, and aims at motivating them to be active and committed participants in the exciting task of National Development. The NYP 2010 is a step forward from the earlier Policy formulated in 1988 and, later, in 2003. It reaffirms commitment of the nation to the holistic development of the young people of the country, keeping in view the changing scenario in the country due to globalization it mainly focuses on the Youth in slums; migrant youth,rural youth ,tribal youth, Youth at risk substance abuse, human trafficking, working in hazardous occupations, bonded labour, Youth in violent conflicts participants or victims, Out of school or dropouts from formal educational mainstream, Groups that suffer from social or moral stigma, Youth in observation homes, orphanages or prisons. Ajay Makhen unveils Draft National Youth Policy 2012 Proposes Nine Youth Target Groups; Reduces Age Bracket & Prescribes for Youth Development Indices In addition, the Draft Policy proposes to change the target age group from the existing 13-35 years to 16-30 years. It aims at empowering youth through skill development for enhancing employability and providing entrepreneurship opportunities through convergence with other Ministries/Departments. Shrinking the target age group defining youth from the existing 13-35 years to 16-30 years and inclusion of groups — transgender, gay and lesbians along with those infected with HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis who suffer from social or moral stigma — in a new category are some of the salient features of the draft National Youth Policy (NYP) 2012.
- 5. CHALLENGES FACED BY THE YOUTH IN INDIA FOR EMPLOYMENT 1. Low literacy level • According to the 2011 census ,82% of youth in India are literate . Compared to the adult literacy rate here the youth literacy rate is about 9% higher. Which may seem to be very good achievement but we need to take out that lens and come to the world of reality that still 18% Indian Youth cannot read and write .Despite Right to Free and Compulsory education there is a failure to ensure cent percent enrolment of children in schools. Solutions Educating people in own locality vicinity. Voluntary teaching during holidays and vacations. Developing a network of volunteers including eminent person at taluka level. Proper implementati on of PEP* * PEP stands for Primary Education Program
- 6. SOME OF THE MINISTRIES FROM 17 MINISTRIES THAT PROVIDE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT SKILLS: Health and Family Welfare • Promotional Female health training centres • Basic Training to health workers for women • Family Welfare Training Centre for men Agriculture •Training in agriculture implements and machinery. •Soil conservation training centres. •One central agricultural university Small Industries Developme nt Organizatio n •Entrepreneurship Development Programme •Skill Development Programme •Management Development Programme Tribal Affairs •Vocational Training Centres(VCT) in tribal areas Women and Child developm ent •Support to training and employment program for women •Women Empowerment Programme in collaboration with IGNOU
- 7. Key elements to the Youth Development approach are : Morally • Youth are viewed as a valued and respected asset to society • Policies and programs focus on the evolving developmental needs and tasks of adolescents, and involve youth as partners rather than clients Academically • Families, schools and communities are engaged in developing the surroundings that support development of youth. • Adolescents are involved in activities that enhance their competence, connections, character, confidence and contribution to society Skills • Adolescents are provided an opportunity to experiment in a safe environment and to develop positive social values and norms • Adolescents are engaged in activities that promote self-understanding, self-worth, and a sense of belonging and resiliency
- 8. Logical framework for youth development The developed sense of responsibility and volunteerism amongst the direct group which will lead to partial reduction in petty crimes ,drug abuse and family violence in the area . Develop a youth group through various measures , eg -: group work ,screening of movies in demand as well as giving moralistic message and making sports accessories available to them . Formation of a close group ready to participate in welfare programs . Awareness towards issue affecting their lives . Academically improve youth group and motivating them to work effectively. Reduction in medical problem of youth. Certified participants of some programs should be preferred in the job opportunity . Exposing the youth to different job opportunities according to their skills and knowledge.
- 9. Wage level and contractual Conditions. Excessive labour market regulations and inefficient social security system Lack of labour market information Lack of self employment opportunities Mismatches between skill set and labour market demand Reduction of wage costs and flexible contractual Conditions. Right mix of passive and active labour market policies Less rigidity in the labour market Policies promoting youth Entrepreneur -ship Policies and programmes on school to work transition Revision of the school curricula Improve the labour market information system Lobbying for Direct involvement: Labour market information and career advice, Matching workers with jobs Direct involvement: Technical assistance to young entrepreneurs Direct involvement: Education business partnerships, Skills collaboration Causes Possible solution What can employers do? Quantitative Young people supply > young people demand Qualitative Supply of skilled labour < demand skilled labour HIGH YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
- 10. • Compatibility of unemployment benefits with the start of self-employed activity • The aim is to promote collective entrepreneurship and encourage the inclusion of young unemployed persons aged under 30 in Social Economy enterprises. • Reduce non-wage labour costs to increase employment prospects for young people. INCENTIVES FOR JOB GUARANTEE • . Ensure that efforts to improve talents and skills include ICT or digital training and raise the category of vocational knowledge and skills, guaranteeing that study courses and ICT certifications are in line with comparable international standards. •Introduce courses for taking in concern of the youth like courses for becoming DJ,RJ,photography ,music ,dancing and fashion should be introduce as an proper course for the youth interested in it. •Increasing languages diplomas courses and disseminate its importance. “WORK ,EARN & ENJOY” • To initiate programmes which employ people to help the environment clean. • Employ youth in protection of flora and fauna by giving jobs in Biosphere Reserves and wildlife Sanctuaries. • Employment of person for cleaning rivers in India like Clean Ganga Action Plan. “ EARN WHILE HELPING YOUR MOTHER EARTH” SURE SHOT ACHIEVABLE TARGETS
- 11. • Increase investment in agriculture development. • Making agriculture as an profession not just considering as an age old practice by educating them with techniques to develop agriculture as an profession. “RETALIATE OUR GOLDEN BIRD” • Disproportional representation of the administration and technical skill holders and counterpart deserving post • The requisite up scaling and downscaling of appointees so as to emerge the latent vacant post CREATING VACCUM IN ALREADY EXISTING SECTORS • Supervisory and regulatory board/positions to ensure nepotism free and redtapism free-professional and workplace environment. • We need to promote the senior ones as per their capabilities so that new places can be vacant ,aspiring and the deserving youth can be employed on that post TRANSPARENT AND DEMOCRATIC MECHANISMS FOR SELECTION OF THE NODAL/BODIES • Early exploration of productive and profit rendering talents and mandatory guidance of the career trajectory so as to earn and live by it. • Professional, social and psychological enhancement in the form of training and work shops media,etc, form the very early stages in order to streamline of potentially talented shapers of India into a sure way JOB WITH SUITABILITY
- 12. Appendix References • Census of India , 2001 • Final Report of the Working Group on Youth Affairs and Adolescents’ Development for formulation of 11th Five Year Plan (2007- 2012). • National youth policy 2003 • National Youth Policy 2010 (NYP 2010) • Exposure Draft National Youth Policy 2012 (NYP 2012)