Networking switch
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This document discusses Ethernet switches and how they are classified and configured. It provides the following information: 1) Ethernet switches are used to create Ethernet networks and make forwarding decisions based on MAC addresses by maintaining a switching table. 2) Switches are classified based on their working (store and forward, cut through, fragment-free), management (manageable, non-manageable), and OSI layer (Layer 2, Layer 3). 3) Basic switch administration includes configuring IP addresses, gateways, and VLANs to restrict broadcast domains.
Networking switch
- 1. Ethernet switches are used in LAN to create Ethernet networks. Switches forward the traffic on the basis of MAC address. Switches maintain a switching table in which MAC addresses and Port No are used to perform switching decision. Working of bridge and switch is similar to each other. LAN Switching
- 2. Classification of switches Switches are classified according to the following criteria: - Types of switches based on working (1) Store & Forward This switch receives entire frame then perform error checking and start forwarding data to the Destination. (2) Cut through This switch starts forwarding frame as soon as first six bytes of the frame are received. (3) Fragment-free This switch receives 64 bytes of the frame, perform error checking and then start forwarding data.
- 3. Types of switches based on management (1) Manageable switches (2) Non-Manageable switches Types of switches based on OSI layer (1) Layer 2 switches (only switching) (2) Layer 3 switches (switching & routing) Basic Switch Administration IOS based switches are similar to the routers. We can perform following function on switches in a similar manner as performed on router.
- 4. Configuring IP and Gateway on switch:- We can configure IP address on switch for web access or telnet IP address is required for the administration of the switch. If we have to access switch from remote n/w then we will configure default gateway in addition to IP address. Assigning IP to logical interface:- Switch(config)#interface vlan 1 Switch(config)#IP address<ip><mask> Switch(config)#no sh Switch(config)#exit Configuring Gateway Switch(config)#ip default-gateway <ip> Switch(config)#exit
- 5. VLAN (Virtual LAN) We know switch having one broadcast domain and multiple collision domain. In normal case when a switch sends a broadcast it will reach all ports. But in some cases we have to restrict that behaviour of switches. For that we use Virtual LANs (or VLANs).