NOISE IN THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS.ppt
- 1. NOISE IN THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS PRESENTED BY Ms. J.B.Z
- 2. OUTLINE 1. Definition Of Noise 2. Types Of Noise 3. Impact Of Noise In The Communication Process 4. Sources Of Noise 5. How To Overcome Noise In Communication 6. Conclusion
- 3. DEFINITION NOISE Any interference in the communication process that prevents the message from being heard correctly, and it can occur at any point in the process External noise: Comes from the environment Internal noise: Occurs in the sender’s and receiver’s mind
- 4. TYPES OF NOISE Contextual noise Mechanical or technical noise Physical Noise Psychological Noise Physiological Noise Semantic Noise
- 5. CONTEXTUAL NOISE Caused by poor knowledge or interpretation of the context in which a message is communicated. e.g. In the African context, spitting beneath one’s clothing is a sign of blessing our ancestors. In European and American cultures, this may be considered weird.
- 6. MECHANICAL OR TECHNICAL NOISE Caused by the quality of media used e.g. I. I cannot hear the person at the other end of the mobile phone because there is no network there II. I may not get good reception of the TV broadcast since my TV aerials needs repair.
- 7. PHYSICAL NOISE Caused by actual disturbances in the environment Such as the sounds of road construction outside your window that make it difficult to hear what is being said.
- 8. PSYCHOLOGICAL NOISE Mental interference that prevents you from listening Caused by conditions that affect our thinking and feeling If your mind is wandering when someone is speaking to you, the noise in your head is preventing communication.
- 9. PHYSIOLOGICAL NOISE Any physiological issue that interferes with communication. For example, if you have a migraine, it may be difficult to speak to others or listen to them when they speak to you.
- 10. SEMANTIC NOISE Occurs when there is no shared meaning in a communication This often occurs when dealing with medical professionals, who use terminology that lay people may not understand
- 11. IMPACT OF NOISE IN COMMUNICATION PROCESS Noise Sender Receiver decodes Receiver creates meaning Transmitted on medium Message Encoding Encoding Message Transmitted on medium Source decodes
- 12. SOURCES OF NOISE 1) Absence of feedback. 2) Cultural differences. 3) Information overload. 4) Physical distractions. 5) Poor choice of channels 6) Semantic problems. 7) Status effects.
- 13. ABSENCE OF FEEDBACK One-way communication flows from sender to receiver only, with no direct and immediate feedback. Two-way communication goes from sender to receiver and back again. Two-way communication is more effective than one-way communication.
- 14. CULTURAL DIFFERENCES Ethnocentrism is the tendency to consider one’s culture superior to any and all others. Ethnocentrism can cause people to: Not listen to others. Address or speak to others in ways that alienate them. Use inappropriate stereotypes in dealing with someone from another culture. Other cross-cultural communication challenges. Language differences. Use of gestures.
- 15. INFORMATİON OVERLOAD Too much information make it difficult to discriminate, sort out what is useful/not useful information. Examples:
- 16. PHYSICAL DISTRACTIONS Any aspect of the physical setting in which communication takes place. Can be anything Telephone constantly ringing Lack of privacy Interruptions from drop-in visitors. Background noise Uncomfortable chair Poor lighting Poor air conditioning
- 17. POOR CHOICE OF CHANNELS Choose the channel that works best. Written channels work for messages that: Are simple and easy to convey. Oral channels work best for messages that: Are complex or difficult to convey where immediate feedback is needed.
- 18. SEMANTIC PROBLEMS Involves a poor choice or use of words. Sender has to convey the message in a way that can be clearly understood. What not to do: Use slang or jargon the audience may not understand Use words that are too complex for the receiver Need to speak and write clearly Use the KISS principle of communication. “Keep it short and simple.”
- 19. STATUS EFFECTS Status differences create potential communication barriers between persons of higher and lower ranks . Filtering The unintentional distortion of information to make it appear most favourable to the recipient.
- 20. HOW TO OVERCOME NOISE 1) Active Listening 2) Adopt An Audience-centered Approach 3) Combat Information Overload 4) Encourage Feedback 5) Foster Open Communication Climate 6) Reduce Filtering 7) Use Of Proper Channels
- 21. ACTIVE LISTENING Ability to listen well is a distinct asset. Everyone needs to develop good skills in active listening. Active listening is the ability to help the source of a message say what he or she really means.
- 22. GUIDELINES FOR ACTIVE LISTENING Listen for content. Listen for feelings. Respond to feelings. Note all cues. Reflect back.
- 23. ADOPT AN AUDİENCE- CENTERED APPROACH One of the best ways to understand cultural differences is to learn some of the language Make your message meaningful for those who will receive it.
- 24. COMBAT INFORMATION OVERLOAD Carefully organize and sort information before plunging ahead with reading. Speed reading may help, provided you stop to read carefully the most relevant information. You can help prevent others from suffering from communication overload by limiting the frequency and length of your messages.
- 25. ENCOURAGE FEEDBACK The process of telling others how you feel about something they did or said, or about the situation in general. Repeat your message, using more than one channel Improves the chances of it being received accurately.
- 26. FOSTER OPEN- COMMUNİCATİON CLİMATE Get everyone participate share their ideas and feelings freely with everyone else. Ways to keep communication channels open … Group meetings Suggestion boxes
- 27. REDUCE FILTERING How to reduce filtering try to establish more than one communication channel eliminate as many intermediaries as possible decrease distortion by condensing message information to the bare essentials
- 28. USE OF PROPER CHANNELS When to use certain channel • Oral alone: Simple reprimand Settle simple dispute • Written alone: Don’t need immediate feedback Need record • Both channels: Commendation Serious reprimand Important policy change • Nonverbal Be aware of it.