Non-destructive testing

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Presentation on
“NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING”
BY :- SONAM PALJOR(PES1201702403)

CONTENTS
 Ultrasonic testing
 Magnetic particle testing
 Eddy current testing
 Radiography testing
 Liquid penetrant testing
 Destructive Vs Non-destructive testing

ULTRASONIC TESTING
Types of faults indicated
 Crack
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Lack of fusion
 Incomplete penetration
Applications
 All types of welded work in metallic
and non-metallic materials.

 Advantages of Ultrasonic testing
 portable
 Safe to use
 Fast method
 High sensitivity
 Indicates depth of flow.
 Results available immediately.
 Disadvantages of Ultrasonic testing
 Require surface contact.
 Surface must be clean and smooth.
 Unsuitable for welding of complex shape.
 Require skill operator

EDDY CURRENT TESTING
 Types of faults indicated
 Crack
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Applications
 Structural testing
 Coating thickness measurement.
 Sheet resistance measurement.
 Identification of metal.

 Advantages of Eddy current testing
 Portable
 Can be automated
 Sensitivity to surface defects.
 Can detect through several layer.
 Can detect through surface coating.
 Accurate conducting measurement.
 Disadvantages of Ultrasonic testing
 No permanent record.(unless automated)
 Signal interpretation required.
 Will not detect defects parallel to surface.
 Not suitable for large area and complex geometries.

RADIOGRAPHY TESTING
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Lack of fusion
 Incomplete penetration
 Applications
 Aerospace industries
 Military defence
 Automotive industries
 Manufacturing industries

 Advantages of radiography testing
 Disadvantages of radiography testing
 Good portability
 High sensitivity
 No part preparation is required.
 Permanent test record is obtained.
 Technique standardized
 Radiation hazard
 Highly directional
 Power source needed.
 Required skill operator.
 The process is generally slow.
 Equipment is an expensive.

LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Applications
 All welds in ferrous and non-ferrous material
and non-metallic material.

 Advantages of liquid penetrant testing
 Disadvantages of liquid penetrant testing
 Highly portable
 Simple method
 Relatively inexpensive
 Can be used on variety of materials
 Fairly sensitive to fine, tight discontinuities
 Rust or paint will mark defects.
 Detects surface discontinuities only.
 Test surface must be clean and dry.
 Only surface defect will be detected.
 There is no easy method to produce penetrant record.

MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Discontinuities surface
 Applications
 Welds, particularly fillet welds
 All ferro magnetic material

 Advantages of magnetic particle testing
 Disadvantages of magnetic particle testing
 Highly portable
 Immediate result
 Generally inexpensive
 Fast and relatively simple.
 Will work through thin coating.
 Difficult to find wide crack.
 Material must be ferromagnetic.
 Demagnetization may be needed.
 Large current sometimes required.
 Orientation and strength of magnetic field is critical.

DESTRUCTIVE Vs NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
 Destructive testing  Non-destructive testing
 Measurement are direct.
 Used for find out the properties
of the material.
 Kill is required
 Special equipment is required.
 Expensive
 Load is applied on the material.
 Due to load application, material
get damaged.
 Examples
• Tensile test
• Compression test
• Hardness test
 Measurement are indirect.
 Used for find out the properties
of the material.
 Less kill
 No requirement of special equipment
 Less Expensive
 Load is not applied on the material.
 Non Load is application so, no chance
for material damaged.
 Examples
• Eddy current testing
• Ultrasonic testing
• Radiography testing

Non-destructive testing

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