Normal development
- 1. NORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF A CHILD Dr. M.V.SINGH MD (Paeds), DCH Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics UP Rural Institute of Medical Sciences Saifai, Etawah
- 2. DEVELOPMENT Definition : Maturation of functions. Related to myelination of the nervous system. Variety of skills and optimal functioning
- 3. RULES OF DEVELOPMENT Development proceeds in cephalo-caudal direction Sequence of development remains same Development in different spheres may be dissociated Spheres of developments are- Gross motor, Fine motor Language and Social
- 4. DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY Take developmental history in 4 different spheres Gross motor Fine motor Language Social
- 5. DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY Developmental history should be age and case appropriate Details should be asked in younger children age up to 3 years of age Details should also be asked in those with developmental delay, MR and seizures
- 6. DEVELOPMENTAL HISTORY Ask about major milestones which mother likely to remember Index case’s development should be compared with the other siblings and children of his age
- 7. Gross Motor Mile Stones Neck holding – 3 months Sitting with support – 5 months Sitting without support – 8 months Standing with support – 9 months Walking with support – 10 months Crawling (creeping) – 11 months Standing without support – 12 months Walking without support – 13 months Running – 18 months Walking upstairs – 24 months Riding tricycles- 36 months
- 8. Fine Motor Mile Stones Grasp a ring – 4 Month Bidextrous grasp – 5 Month Palmer grasp – 7 Month Pincer grasp – 9 Feeding self with spoon with some spillage – 15 Month Puts on shoes and shocks – 2 yr Drawing a vertical line – 2 yr Drawing a circle – 3 yr Drawing a cross – 4 yr
- 9. Developmental Mile Stones: language Turn head to sound – 1 Month Cooing – 3 Months Monosyllables – 6 Months Bisyllables – 9 Months Two words with meanings – 12 Months Ten words with meanings – 18 Months Simple sentence – 24 Months Telling a story – 36 Months
- 10. Developmental Mile Stones: Social Social smile – 2 Months Recognizing mother – 3 Months Smiles at mirror image – 6 Months Waves “bye-bye” – 9 Months Plays a simple ball game – 12 Months Knows gender – 36 Months
- 11. DEVELOPMENTAL QUOTIENT(DQ) Developmental Quotient (DQ)= Developmental age X 100 Chronological age <70% indicates developmental delay
- 12. Developmental delay vs regression Global developmental delay Differential developmental delay Delay in motor development: Hemiplegia, Paraplegia, CHD, Rickets, floppy infants Delay in speech: hearing impairment hypothyroidism, autism
- 13. Red Flag Signs In Child Development Mile stones No visual fixation No vocalization by No sitting without support by No standing alone by No walking alone by No single words by Lack of imaginative play Age 2 months 6 months 9-10 months 16 months 18 months 18 months 3 yrs
- 14. thank you TIME TO WAKE UP