Open Access and Open Educational Resoruces
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The document discusses the concepts of Open Access (OA) and Open Educational Resources (OER), emphasizing their importance in higher education by providing free access to research and educational materials. It outlines the historical development of OA and OER, their definitions, benefits, and various platforms, along with examples of OER use cases. Additionally, the role of the Commonwealth of Learning (COL) and the Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia (CEMCA) in promoting and developing policies and resources related to OER is highlighted.
Open Access and Open Educational Resoruces
- 1. Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia Open Access and Open Educational Resources Sanjaya Mishra 7 August 2013
- 2. Higher Education System Inputs Processes Outputs - Teaching - Learning - Research - Administration - Community living - Community engagement - Students - Teachers - Researchers - Staff - Infrastructure - Library - Laboratory - Finance - Regulation - Employable graduates - Research publications/ New Knowledge - Teaching and Learning Resources - Contribution to Society
- 3. The Business of Knowledge Knowledge generation Knowledge dissemination Knowledge acquisition Knowledge certification
- 5. Some Problems in the HE Systems Exponential growth of knowledge Access to quality teaching and learning resources (textbooks) Access to technology Access to information and opportunities
- 7. OA and OER: Historical perspective Open Access – Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002) – Berlin Declaration (2003) – Bethesda Statement (2003) – Many declarations… Open Educational Resources – MIT OpenCourseware (2001) – OER term coined at UNESCO (2002) – OER Paris Declaration 2012
- 8. Definitions Open Access: is the provision of free access to peer-reviewed, scholarly and research information to all. It envisages that the rights holder grants worldwide irrevocable right of access to copy, use, distribute, transmit, and make derivative works in any format for any lawful activities with proper attribution to the original author. Open Educational Resources: teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions. Open licensing is built within the existing framework of intellectual property rights as defined by relevant international conventions and respects the authorship of the work
- 9. OA and OER: Four Dimensions Free PermanentOpen Online
- 10. Legal View of OA and OER
- 11. Benefits of OER and OA Promote lifelong learning Contribute to social inclusion, gender equity and education for the special needs Improve cost-efficiency and quality of teaching and learning Increased access to peer-reviewed publications Greater visibility and citation of research works Overall individual and institutional reputation
- 12. What is “Open”? It’s about open license used to share educational material Reuse Revise Remix Redistribute No permission required as long as the open license is respected
- 13. Open Licenses Creative Commons CC-BY CC-BY-SA CC-BY-NC CC-BY-NC-SA CC-BY-ND CC-BY-NC-ND Concepts Attribution Share Alike Non-Commercial Non-Derivative
- 14. OA and OER: Technology and Platforms OER – Wikipedia, WikiEducator, Wikivarsity – Wikispaces, etc. – Connexions, MIT OpenCourseware, OLI- CMU, FlexiLearn, OpenLearn – Directory of OER OA – DOAJ, DOAB – GOAP – Directory of OA Repositories – Dspace/eprints/Greenstone – Mega OA journals, private publishers – Green and Gold OA – Social networking approach to OA: ResearchGate, Mandeley, Academia.edu
- 15. OER Use Case Study 1 • Open Education, 2007 • David Wiley taught a 3 credit course using Wiki • Used weekly reading and blogging • Assignments and grading • Over 50 learners took this course
- 16. OER use Case Study 2 • SLM Development, 2008 • Sanjaya Mishra trained 20 individuals to write self- learning materials • Used weekly reading and GoogleGroup • Wiki-based Tasks to develop SLM using wiki • Learning contract, certification, online activities, visible outputs
- 17. OER use Case Study 3 • Bangladesh Open School, SLM Training • F2F and Online training • Development of Units • Collaborative course Development
- 18. OA Developments Gold open Access (9947OA journals, 1162516 articles in DOAJ) Green Open Access (2353 repositories) Platinum Open Access (Social networking approach) – Mendeley, Research Gate, Academia.edu etc. 67% of Journals permit some form of self-archiving
- 19. Role of COL and CEMCA COL is the foremost international agency to have adopted OER policy COL-UNESCO organised the World OER Congress COL Publishes large number of resources on OER CEMCA has developed quality guidelines for OER CEMCA has developed an institutional OER policy template CEMCA is developing a course on OER-based eLearning CEMCA is developing Self-Directed Learning Materials of Open Access for Librarians and Researchers Advocacy Policy Capacity Materials
- 20. THANK YOU