Relevance of Open Educational Resources
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This document discusses copyright, open educational resources (OER), and Creative Commons licensing. It defines copyright as a form of intellectual property law that protects original creative works. OER are defined as educational resources that can be freely used and reused without restrictions. The document outlines several reasons for using OER, including zero cost, less time consumption, and supporting innovative teaching materials. It also discusses different types of Creative Commons licenses that can be applied to OER to indicate how others can use and share the content.
Relevance of Open Educational Resources
- 1. By Dr. Anamika Ray Assistant Professor in Mass Communication Gauhati University, Assam, India
- 3. Copyright Copyright is a form of intellectual property law, protects original works of authorship including literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, such as poetry, novels, movies, songs, computer software, and architecture. Copyright is to – Protect the revenue of creative work Protect exploitation of individual work Protect the right to control over individual work of the original creator
- 4. Reasons for Licensing Identification of the individual’s effort allowing users to acquire authorized rather than illegal or unauthorized content Confirming revenue and guaranteeing royalties Direction on – ‘how and to what extent the content can be used’ A license serves as a credential, a recognition, a distinction, a designation that simply cannot be bypassed
- 5. Reasons for OER Open permission to use , share, copy, paste, edit, adapt and interact with the content . Zero cost Less time consuming Innovative teaching learning material Ensuring scholarly communication system that supports the needs of scholars and the academic enterprise
- 6. Concept of OER Open Educational Resources (OER)- The material/ content is used openly for educational purpose. Teacher, students, researchers use those materials. No need to pay for any content to any one. No need to seek permission before using the content
- 7. OER includes… Map Course materials Text book Photograph Any kind of print, audio, audio visual, web version materials OER has broken all the barriers in Teaching -Learning Process.
- 8. E- Learning & OER OER is not at all synonym of E- Learning. E-Learning is learning through online. OER is content with Open License Produced through any medium -Print -Audio -Audio visual -Web or online If in E-Learning, the used content is open licensed, then only it is considered as OER
- 9. Open Learning & OER OL- Open scope of learning for everyone. OER-Open resources for educating everyone OER always support OL and is indeed a part of OL
- 10. Open Access Publishing & OER OAP-Open licensed content basically for research purpose, which is openly available to access, not to use. OER-Any kind of open licensed teaching learning material OER OAP OER has totally transform the educational scenario in all over world
- 11. Relevance of OER Different intellectual imputes-Stagnant content cannot encourage quality education. Several thoughts in one content opens new intellectual dimension. Effective method-OER widens the path of effective teaching- learning process with critical analysis and various viewpoints. No duplication- It is improved , collaborative, research based content, which does not support the duplication of the original effort. Cost effective and less time consuming-Accessing a copyright protected material is sometime expensive as well as time consuming. Sometimes it becomes not so easy to get permission to use. Active participant- OER instigates the learners to be active participants rather a passive reader or just a information seeker or taker.
- 12. Availability of OER Google , is one of a few search engines to collect open licensed content.
- 13. • Global Learning Objects Brokered Exchange (GLOBE) Alliance: www.globeinfo. org. • Folksemantic: www.folksemantic.com. • DiscoverEd: http://discovered.labs.creativecommons.org/search/en. • Creative Commons Search: http://search.creativecommons.org. • Open Courseware Consortium: www.ocwconsortium.org/courses/search.
- 15. Traditional OER repository OpenLearn: http://openlearn.open.ac.uk. MedEd PORTAL: http://services.aamc.org/30/mededportal (medical focus). MIT OCW: http://ocw.mit.edu. China Open Resources for Education (CORE): www.core.org.cn/en. AgEcon Search: http://ageconsearch.umn.edu (agricultural focus). Teacher Education in sub-Saharan Africa: www.tessafrica.net (teacher education focus).
- 16. Other relevant OER links- OER Commons: www.oercommons.org. Commonwealth of Learning: www.col.org/OER. OER Africa: www.oerafrica.org.
- 18. Scope for Participate in OER JORUM (www.jorum.ac.uk/share), OER Commons has a facility (www.oercommons.org/ Connexions (http://cnx.org), WikiEducator (http://wikieducator.org) Flickr (www.flickr.com) These welcome the contribution for OER. Besides these a few Indian Universities like KKHSOU and many more…
- 21. Attribution (CC BY ) This license lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon one’s work, even commercially, as long as they give the credit to the original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. It recommends for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. Attribution-Share Alike (CC BY-SA ) This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon one’s work even for commercial purposes, as long as they give the credit and license their new creations under the identical terms. All new works will carry the same license, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use. This is the license used by Wikipedia, and is recommended for materials that would benefit from incorporating content from Wikipedia and similarly licensed projects. Creative Commons license
- 22. This license allows for redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged and in whole, with credit to the original author. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon one’s work non- commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge the original author and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms. This license is the most restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download one’s works and share them with others as long as they credit the original creator, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially. Attribution-No Derives (CC BY-ND ) Attribution-Non Commercial (CC BY-NC ) Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivs (CC BY-NC-ND )
- 24. Zero / Public domain Besides licenses, Creative Commons also offers a way to release material into the public domain through CC0, a legal tool for waiving as many rights as legally possible, worldwide. Development of CC0. PD CC BY CC BY SA CC BY NC CC BY NC SA CC BY ND CC BY NC ND C Less restriction Most restriction
- 25. Significance of sharing content Redistribute: One can share the contents with others Remix: One can add new information with the original content and can produce a new content from the older one. Revise: One can change the content or may translate. One can modify or adapt. Reuse: Any one is allowed to use the whole content or part of it freely in their own content
- 26. Benefit- Access: the scope of education for all Cost: Saving money in terms of getting education facility . Quality: Opportunity of quality education. Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTNnxPcY49Q
- 27. Conclusion Open Educational Resources are defined as ‘technology-enabled, open provision of educational resources for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users for non-commercial purposes.’ They are typically made freely available over the Web or the Internet. Their principle use is by teachers and educational institutions to support course development, but they can also be used directly by students. Open Educational Resources include learning objects such as lecture material, references and readings, simulations, experiments and demonstrations, as well as syllabuses, curricula, and teachers’ guides. (Wiley 2006) Sharing knowledge is only option to remove stagnancy in education process.
- 28. Reference Wiley, D. (2006) The current state of open educational resources. Blog. Iterating toward openness. Accessed January 2011, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/247 Butcher, N., & Kanwar, A. (2011). A Basic Guide to Open Educational Resources (OER). Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002158/215804e.pdf on 16.11.14 ICDE » News archive » 2013 » 2013 part 3 » ICDE World Conference keynote Asha Kanwar: Quality versus quantity - does technology help? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.icde.org/ICDE+World+Conference+keynote+Asha+Kanwar% 3A+Quality+versus+quantity+- +does+technology+help%3F.b7C_wJLS0f.ips Creative Commons license - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons_license
- 29. Thank you….