Open Science - overview part 2: open data

…un nuovo panorama
Open Science

Open Science
http://opendefinition.org/
10%

J. Wilbanks, I have seen the paradigm shift, and it is us, in The Fourth Paradigm: Data-Intensive Scientific Discovery, 2012
Il cambiamento siamo noi
Il paradigma da distruggere è quello dello
scienziato FUORI dalla rete, NON connesso
pensarci come
NODI DI UNA RETE
cambiamento arriva quando i vecchi
paradigmi non spiegano più la realtà
(Kuhn)
Ciò che deve cambiare di fronte alla scienza
data-intensive è il nostro paradigma dell’essere
scienziato, non quello della ricerca in sé
Due punti fermi che vengono da:
Web = pubblico
Open source = distribuito

Openness
Every day I meet people from our vast
community of thinkers and innovators.
People who are tireless in their willingness
to guide Europe towards ever-greater
peace and prosperity.
Their defining quality is openness.
C. Moedas, The importance of research for the future of Europe, August 31, 2015

Openness
Common to all these people − common to success in
the research and innovation community − is openness.
It is my opinion that the future of innovation lies in
bringing as many different people, concepts and fields
together. The future of research in Europe lies in people
like you setting its course as a community, and with
those who are different from you.
In my eyes, the future lies in open innovation, because
openness fuels innovation.
C. Moedas, The importance of research for the future of Europe, August 31, 2015

Open Science ha impatto
sull’intera società
Making Open Science a reality, OECD, 2015

Open Science?
http://journals.uic.edu/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/5381/4110
…anche se in teoria i ricercatori
sono d’accordo, nella pratica
poi hanno comportamenti non
coerenti…
I maggiori impedimenti:
-sistema di valutazione
-mancanza di standards
-aspetti legali /licenze
-riluttanza a condividere

Comportamenti dei ricercatori / 1
http://carlystrasser.net/closed-data-excuses-excuses/

https://www.digital-science.com/blog/guest/open-sesame-
the-risks-and-rewards-of-open-data-for-researchers/

Open science: il futuro dell’Europa
Moedas – Oetinger, Opening up to an ERA of innovation, 22 giugno 2015

Open science: il futuro dell’ Europa
Moedas – Oetinger, Opening up to an ERA of innovation, 22 giugno 2015

Open Science: il futuro dell’Europa
open access to
science can be good
for citizens,
good for scientists,
good for society
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-14-556_en.htm

[Fifth freedom]
2007
http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/index_en.htm

Open science conference, 4-5 aprile
http://english.eu2016.nl/documents/reports/2016/04/04/amsterdam-call-for-action-on-open-science
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9a3Ap3yyak

Open science conference, 4-5 aprile
http://english.eu2016.nl/documents/reports/2016/04/04/amsterdam-call-for-action-on-open-science

Trasparenza sui costi abbonamenti
Big deals devastanti perché
• negoziano pacchetti non più singoli titoli
• hanno non-disclosure clauses
Per avere i dati hanno dovuto ricorrere
al Freedom of Information Act
https://olh.openlibhums.org/articles/10.16995/olh.72/

Open Science: il futuro dell’Europa

Reazioni
http://www.stm-assoc.org/2016_05_28_News_Release_STM_response_to_EU_Competitive_Council_conclusions.pdf

Reazioni
http://www.leru.org/index.php/public/news/25-pages-of-
nonsense-the-stm-statement-on-the-open-science-council-
conclusions/

Reazioni
https://github.com/chartgerink/hosting/blob/master/satire/stmrevised.pdf

https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/open-digital-science-final-study-report

http://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm?pg=open-science-policy-platform

European Open Science CloudEuropean Open Science Cloud
JC Burgelman, EOSC the policy, EUDAT workshop, Rome Feb. 5 2016
http://ec.europa.eu/research/openscience/index.cfm?pg=open-science-cloud

European Open Science Cloud
Global
Open Science > Open Access; Open non è «free»
Strane idee di «cloud»…
http://www.oa.unito.it/new/open-research-data-and-open-science/

I am convinced that excellent science is the
foundation of future prosperity,
and that openness is the key to excellence. […]
We need more open access to research results and
the underlying data. Open
access publication is already a requirement
under Horizon 2020, but we now need to look
seriously at open data[…]
Let's dare to make Europe open to
innovation, open to science and open
to the world.
http://ec.europa.eu/research/openvision/index.cfm

Why open research?
http://whyopenresearch.org/

Why open research?
http://whyopenresearch.org/
https://thewinnower.com/keywords/arcs2015
http://openscholarchampions.eu/

Scrivere insieme
https://www.authorea.com/
https://www.overleaf.com/
http://f1000.com/work/

Nuove figure
M.Nielsen, Beyond Open Access, OAI9, June 2015
http://ipython.org/notebook.html

http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/chap4.html
Michael Nielsen e il
«deep learning»
Nuove figure

Nuove figure
LIVING FIGURES
si modificano
interagendo con il
dataset
http://f1000research.com/articles/3-176/v2

Nuovi strumenti
http://contentmine.org/
http://www.lisboncouncil.net//index.php?option=com_downloads&id=1261

Copyright/diritto d’autore
Legge 633/1941
Immagini e testi online: il diritto d’autore alla prova del web
Video
Slides
Art. 19 I diritti di sfruttamento
economico sono fra di loro
INDIPENDENTI

Un concetto chiave:
- Diritti in entrata (ho i diritti per utilizzare materiale altrui?)
- Diritti in uscita (quali diritti associo alla mia opera? Cosa concedo di fare della mia opera?)
Diritti / 2

http://www.sparc.arl.org/resources/authors/addendum
Diritti / 3
Non cedete i vostri diritti

http://blogs.ch.cam.ac.uk/pmr/
[Uno scontro in atto]
http://onsnetwork.org/chartgerink/2015/11/16/elsevier-stopped-me-doing-my-research/#comment-58
http://onsnetwork.org/chartgerink/2016/02/23/wiley-also-stopped-my-doing-my-research/

https://juliareda.eu/2015/09/academics-for-copyright-reform/
http://www.oa.unito.it/new/open-research-data-and-open-science/

http://www.fixcopyright.eu/
https://nexa.polito.it/new-copyright-20-paper-marco-ricolfi
Se vuoi applicare
vecchio copyright
devi dichiararlo.
Se no si applica
Copyright 2.0 solo
attribuzione

http://creativecommons.org/choose/?lang=en
Diritti / 4

[come cercare immagini free]
http://search.creativecommons.org/

Open Data
Open data is data that meets the criteria of
intelligent openness. Data must be
accessible, useable, assessable and intelligible
Royal Society, Glossary, Science as an open enterprise, [report] 2012
Raw data now, 2009 e altri due video
Web futuro=web di dati
Linked [open] data
http://linkeddata.org/

riviste cartacee:
solo sintesi dell’esperimento
(articolo)
web:
si può integrare con intero
dataset
(visione più completa) SONO I DATI SU CUI SI BASA
L’ARTICOLO
• NON i dati della ricerca applicata
• NON i dati correlati ai brevetti
• NON dati personali
• NON dati confidenziali
• NON segreti industriali

Open research data FAIR
https://www.force11.org/group/fairgroup/fairprinciples

Horizon 2020: open by default
Open Access: shall apply
Open Data: may
DATI SU CUI SI
BASA L’ARTICOLO,
NON ineditihttp://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/legal_basis/rules_participation/h2020-rules-participation_en.pdf
ESTESO A TUTTI I PROGETTI
DAL 1 GENNAIO 2017
http://goo.gl/0mv1hg

Non condividere è…
http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2015/07/03/data-secrecy-bad-science-or-scientific-misconduct/

… il rischio dei dati fragili
http://www.nature.com/news/scientists-losing-data-at-a-rapid-rate-1.14416
WHY YOU NEED A DATA
MANAGEMENT PLAN
PMRblog, 2011

Open Research Data in pratica
http://www.oa.unito.it/new/open-research-data-creating-bridges-for-open-science-open-con2015-satellite-event/
http://www.dcc.ac.uk/resources/data-management-plans

Open research data:
potenzialità
https://royalsociety.org/policy/projects/science-public-enterprise/report/
Possono creare una
nuova RIVOLUZIONE
INTELLIGENT
OPENNESS:
dati devono essere
ricercabili, accessibili
[STANDARD,
INTEROPERABILITÀ]

Open Research Data -
potenzialità
http://goo.gl/8Cuvrm
RITORNO SUGLI
INVESTIMENTI
+
CREAZIONE
NUOVO LAVORO
RDA, The data harvest, Dec 2014
Access to research and technical information in Denmark, 2011
PMI immetterebbero
nuovi prodotti 2 anni
prima se avessero
accesso alla ricerca

Open data? $$$/€€€
Neelie Kroes, blog, 12 Dec 2011, http://goo.gl/dY9CrB
The Lisbon Council, 2014 http://goo.gl/FjKySD
MCKinsey, Open Data, 2013 http://goo.gl/mTFXvv

Open research data – I vantaggi / 1
…una scienza più solida…
-meglio basarsi sui DATI che sulla loro interpretazione
[data make up per pubblicare…]
-confrontare/dibattere con i propri dati
- creare nuova conoscenza aggiungendo i propri dati

Open research data - I vantaggi / 2
RIPRODUCIBILITÀ
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/351/6277/1005.full.pdf+html

il valore del RIUSO…
costruire percorsi inediti
grazie ai dati aperti
«the coolest thing to do with your data will be thought of by someone else»

World Economic Forum 2012, http://goo.gl/ExaGW
es. climate
change

…pubblicando anche i
dati negativi si evitano
duplicazioni inutili…

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0000308

Open Data / usi 1
http://www.data.gov
http://data.gov.uk/
https://open-data.europa.eu/data/
nel settore
pubblico:
TRASPARENZA
http://www.dati.gov.it/

Open Data / usi 2
RIUSO dei dati
attraverso App
https://openspending.org/
http://publicspending.net/

Open Data / usi 3
http://www.ted.com/talks/jamie_heywood_the_big_idea_my_brother_inspired
http://www.patientslikeme.com/
trattamenti
sintomi
effetti collaterali

Open Data / usi 4
https://www.rxisk.org/

Openness
The best thing about Internet is that it’s open. In every
field it let us share and innovate.
In science, OPENESS IS ESSENTIAL.
Open science doesn’t mean ignoring economic reality.
Of course we need business models to be sustainable.
But that doesn’t mean we have to carry on doing
things the way they have always been done.
So, wherever you sit in the value chain, wheter you’re a
researcher or an investor or a policy maker,
my message is clear:
let’s invest in collaborative tools that let us progress…
Let’s tear down the walls that keep learning sealed off.
And let’s make science open. N. Kroes, Let’s make science open, giugno 2012

…a fra poco
elena.giglia@unito.it

Open Science - overview part 2: open data

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