Organizing inclusive class room
- 1. Organizing inclusive class room By: Dr Daniyal Mushtaq
- 3. Introduction • This unit aims to describe the factors influencing and affecting the organization of inclusive classrooms. • The inclusive classroom is an ecosystem in which the teacher, students, materials, curriculum and resources communicate to build a teaching learning environment. • Organization of classroom includes the academic as well as physical and social environment of classroom.
- 4. Continued ……… • The physical factors, classroom and time management strategies are discussed • The role of curriculum in the inclusive schools and the effects of regular curriculum on students with special needs are focused. • The strategies by which curriculum, instructional methodologies and instructional materials can be adapted to meet the unique needs of special children are examined.
- 5. Continued ……… • These strategies include the adaptation of syllabus topics, worksheets, through simplifying vocabularies and reducing readability to student’s requirements. • The use of alternative materials and curriculum approaches is discussed in order to implement more individualized education to mainstreamed students.
- 6. Objectives • 1. Develop the concept of inclusive classroom as an eco system. • 2. Identify all living and nonliving factors to understand the teaching learning interaction in inclusive setups. • 3. Provide an overview of the organization of inclusive classrooms
- 7. Continued ……… • Highlight the issues regarding classroom management, existing instructional material & approaches in mainstreaming. • 5. Adapt and modify curriculum to teach children in mainstreaming and inclusive • settings. • 6. Differentiate between the special education and mainstream.
- 8. Continued…. • 7. Explain the responsibilities of teachers in establishing, managing and analyzing the instructions, instructional material and methods in the inclusive classroom settings. • 8. Suggest effective environment of classroom, alternate curriculum approaches, modification of materials, adaptation of syllabus topics to serve the diverse needs of all students in inclusive classrooms
- 9. What is Ecosystem • The term ecosystem is an adapted term that is used in biology to explain the populations of a defined area and their communication with each other and their shared environment. • A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. • Ecosystem Definition for Kids. Ecosystems are any area where living creatures such as plants and animals interact with non-living things like soil, water, temperature and air. Ecosystems come in different sizes. An ecosystem can be as big as the entire planet or as little as the tiny bacteria you can't see that live on your skin.
- 10. Cont… • For example, plants need soil, water and sunshine to make their food and grow. Animals also need to drink clean water and breathe fresh air to survive. • There are many different types of ecosystems including: Lakes, Deep oceans, Forests, Jungles, Deserts and City parks
- 11. Ecosystem
- 12. The Importance of Ecosystems • Ecosystems are very important to humans because they give ecosystem services, which help you live and make people's lives more enjoyable. Important ecosystem services include the production of oxygen by plants for animals to breathe, availability of clean, fresh water for drinking and the ability to grow food from healthy soils. Humans also rely on trees, rocks and soil to build houses, cities and walls for shelter and protection.
- 13. Cont… • Even the technology humans rely on today is an ecosystem service. The components of computers, such as lithium batteries, are derived from natural sources. For example, liquid crystal display (LCD) screens are composed of the natural resources aluminum and silicon. Silica glass, which makes up 59 percent of the Earth's crust, is used to make the fiber optic cables that deliver internet to your house.
- 14. CLASSROOM AS AN ECOSYSTEM • The term ecosystem is an adapted term that is used in biology to explain the populations of a defined area and their communication with each other and their shared environment. • Today, the term has also been used in anthropology, sociology, psychology, economics, political science, and business, frequently differentiated in many of these fields as a “social ecosystem” rather than a biological or ecological one. Current.
- 15. CLASSROOM AS AN ECOSYSTEM
- 17. Elements of Educational Ecosystem
- 18. Elements of Educational Ecosystem
- 19. Physical Layout of the Inclusive Classroom • Primary consideration in inclusive education is the physical layout of the classroom. • Access to the classroom is the most significant prerequisite to learning in an inclusive environment so all children with special needs must be able to access all stations of classroom in order to participate in all teaching learning activities with rest of the peers.
- 20. Continued…. • Setting up the physical structure of your classroom is a personal choice but the physical • layout of the classroom should support inclusive, interactive teaching
- 21. Physical Layout of the Inclusive Classroom
- 22. Physical Layout of the Inclusive Classroom
- 23. Types of Learning Areas • Whole-Group Area • For whole-class lessons – this includes informal discussion, direct instruction, and student presentations. This is a good place for an Author's Chair from which students can read their writing to the class.
- 24. Whole-Group Area
- 25. Whole-Group Area
- 26. Continued …………. • Small-Group Area • Here you can give small-group instruction or allow groups of students to gather for peerled discussions. • Reading Area • This is a place for students to read independently or quietly with a partner. It should • provide comfortable seating, a variety of books, and a quiet, secluded atmosphere.
- 27. Continued …………. • Writing Center • Here students write independently and collaboratively. The area should contain comfortable space for writing and a variety of supplies. Cross-Curricular Center • This is an active center where students explore relationships across different curricula, including literature, science, social studies, art, and math.
- 28. Continued …………. Computer Station • This area is for computer use in writing, math, reading, keyboard practice, research, telecommunications, and creative games • Creative Arts Center • This area is where students can get involved in visual art and dramatic play. It should • have a variety of art supplies, costumes, and props.
- 29. Continued …………. Communication Area/Post Office • This area has mail slots for students and teacher to exchange written messages and suggestions. • Listening Station • Here students listen to tapes of books, stories, songs, and poems.
- 30. Whole-Group Area
- 31. Strategies to Create an Inclusive Classroom
- 34. Time Management Techniques • Time management plays a vital role in almost all aspects of teaching i.e. organizing the day, organizing the classroom, deciding how long and how often to teach various subjects, recording student progress, or keeping time- consuming behavior problems to minimum.
- 35. Benefits of Inclusive Classroom • In an inclusion classroom, a general education teacher and a special education teacher work together to meet the needs of students. This type of classroom gives special education students the support they need while they learn alongside their general education peers. General education students benefit from the additional resources and supportive techniques used in an inclusion classroom.
- 37. Teaching Approaches • Inclusion classrooms can accommodate children with a wide range of learning styles and needs. Teachers meet everyone’s needs by presenting lessons in different ways. • For example, they may use a lot of visual aids to add interest and increase understanding. • When teaching math, they may build the lesson around manipulative such as cubes or colored chips that can help kids learn new concepts.
- 38. Curriculum Issues in Mainstream Classroom • Children with special needs faced lot of difficulties in the comprehension and coping of curriculum designed for the regular education therefore the movements towards inclusive curriculum focuses on the modifications in the existing curricula of the regular education to meet the diverse needs of special children.
- 39. ss
- 40. Curriculum Differences between Special and Mainstream Needs • As there are difference in mainstream and special school settings, the curriculum designed for children with special needs is different from the one designed for mainstream. In special education settings the curriculum is often designed, adapted, omitted, summarized, and modified according to the types and severity of the disabilities of students while in mainstreaming the student is expected to adapt to the existing curriculum.
- 41. Conclusion ……… • Educators have been aware that behavior problems can keep students from experiencing the benefits of a productive classroom. (Darch & Kame'enui, 2004). Decisions that teachers make before the beginning of school regarding how the classroom will operate and how students will interact with others during the school year are critical for a positive learning environment. • .
- 42. Continued ………. • These decisions will have far-reaching implications for the success of the year. Putting together a cohesive plan rather that reacting to interruptive situations allows time for the teacher to respond thoughtfully when problems arise. Having time to think about a plan first establishes a foundation for values and beliefs about working with children and allows teachers to create a satisfying learning environment