OSHA, ANSI Design Criteria for Access Roof Ladders
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- 3. Applicable Codes for Fixed Ladders 0 OSHA-Occupational Safety & Health Admin. 0 ANSI-American National Standards Institute 0 OSHA and ANSI code are similar. The more stringent code element in each is used as a guideline in this presentation. 0 National codes 0 OSHA 1910.27 0 www.OSHA.gov 0 ANSI A14.3 0 www.ANSI.org 0 Websites offer easy code reference Note: Some states may have special code requirements
- 4. Current OSHA and ANSI Code Covers Fixed Vertical Ladders Only
- 5. Ladder Security Doors and Security Gates
- 6. Ladder Extensions at Walk Thru Exit 0 24” clear opening 0 Standard true for caged ladders 0 Exit Straight through = 42” side rail extension is required
- 7. Step Across Distance 0 Distance from the top tread to a weight bearing surface: 0 OSHA = 2-1/2” to 12” 0 ANSI = 7” to 12” 0 Platforms are required to gap larger step across distances
- 8. Ladder Extensions at Side Exit 0 Side Exit = Overshoot 0 Overshoot = at least 48” above the top tread 0 Rungs are NOT omitted 0 Standard true for caged ladders
- 9. Areas of Angle 0 Ladders may not have angles greater than 90° 0 Preferred pitch – 76° to 90° 0 Substandard pitch (inclined, ships ladder) – 60° to 75°
- 10. 0 Live Load per Rung Requirements 0250 lbs. (ANSI) 0200 lbs. (OSHA) 0 Note: Industry standard is +/- 1000 pounds Rungs, Cleats or Treads
- 11. Rungs, Cleats or Treads 0 Requirement = burr free power grip surface 0 Any shape is accepted 0 ¾” minimum cross section standard 0 1” minimum in high corrosion areas 0 Anti-slip texture preferred
- 12. Rungs, Cleats or Treads 0 First rung level with exit point at top of ladder 0 Rungs descend in 12” increments 0 Spacing must be equal 0 Bottom rung must be within 14” of ground
- 13. Rungs, Cleats or Treads 0 12” maximum vertical tread spacing 0 Uniform spacing throughout climb 0 ANSI states bottom rung 14” maximum above ground 12” MAX 14” MAX 14” MAX 12” MAX
- 14. Clearances (Clear Width of Tread) 16” MIN16” min 0 16” minimum between side rails
- 15. Clear Space Behind Ladder 0 7” minimum clear space behind ladder 0 Exceptions for unavoidable obstructions are rarely granted. 7” MIN 7” min
- 16. Climber Clearance 15” MIN15“ min 15” min 0 15” Clear width left and right 0 Except when cage required
- 17. Climber Clearance 0 Minimum 30” clearance 0 Minimum 36” at a 76° pitch 0 All others proportional distance determined by slope 2’ 6”min
- 18. Safety Cages (OSHA) 0 Cages provided on ladders more than 20’ 0 Recommended on shorter ladders in dangerous locations 0 Cages extend past exit point 0 Cages start between 7’ and 8’ above ground 0 Cage sizes and shapes set by code
- 19. Safety Cages (ANSI) 0 Cages provided on ladders more than 24’ 0 Recommended on shorter ladders in dangerous locations 0 Cages extend past exit point 0 Cages start between 7’ and 8’ above ground 0 Cage sizes and shapes are set by code
- 20. Landing Platforms 0 Landings provided for each 30’ of height except where no cage, well, or ladder safety device is provided 0 Rest platforms offset at each level 0 Rest platforms have handrails and toe boards on all exposed sides 0 Landing minimum 48” length and 30” width 0 Ladder accessing landing have rung level with platform
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