Robotic process automation (RPA) is software designed to perform high-volume, repetitive tasks that humans typically do, such as invoicing and data management. RPA offers significant advantages including time savings, cost effectiveness, error reduction, and improved customer experience, and is applicable in various sectors like healthcare, human resources, and banking. The future of RPA is expected to see advancements with artificial intelligence integration, potentially replacing up to 35% of jobs with automated solutions.