Passive and semi passive wireless temperature and humidity sensors based on epc generation-2 uhf protocol
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This paper presents passive and semi-passive wireless temperature and humidity sensors utilizing the EPC Generation-2 UHF protocol. The sensors include a key chip handling communication and power management, capable of operating without batteries (passive mode) or with battery-powered off-chip sensors (semi-passive mode). Performance metrics indicate effective operational ranges and accuracy for both modes, highlighting advancements in low-power technology.
Passive and semi passive wireless temperature and humidity sensors based on epc generation-2 uhf protocol
- 1. PASSIVE AND SEMI-PASSIVE WIRELESS TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSORS BASED ON EPC GENERATION-2 UHF PROTOCOL ABSTRACT This paper proposes passive and semi-passive wireless temperature and humidity sensors based on electronic product code (EPC) global Class-1 Generation-2 UHF communication protocol. The wireless sensors consist of a sensor key chip and off-chip temperature and humidity sensors. The sensor key chip integrates RF/analog front-end circuit, digital baseband processor, nonvolatile memory, on-chip temperature sensor, and sensor interface. The sensor interface connects the off-chip sensors and the sensor key chip. The sensor key chip with the on- chip temperature sensor can operate without battery power (passive mode), and also can co- operate with the off-chip temperature and humidity sensors powered by battery (semi-passive mode). The RF/analog front-end circuit provides the dc power to the sensor key chip and communicates with the interrogator passively. Advanced low-power techniques are adopted to reduce the power consumption of the sensor key chip. The sensor key chip is fabricated in 0.18- μm CMOS process. In passive mode, the maximum wireless sensitivity of on-chip sensor is −15.1/−11.2 dBm for reading and sensing operation, respectively, and the temperature sensing error is −1 °C/0.8 °C over operating range from −20 °C to 50 °C. It achieves a reading/sensing distance of over 9.5/6 m with 4-W effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) by the commercial interrogator. In semi-passive mode, the temperature and humidity sensing distance of off-chip sensors is 2.7 m.