Personal learning environments (PLEs) allow individuals to access, aggregate, and manipulate digital artifacts of their ongoing learning experiences. A PLE is a collection of tools, both online and offline, that enable learners to connect, create, and share content with communities of interest and practice. Learners can use PLEs to collaborate with others, share information, connect with peers and experts, and reflect on their learning. PLEs recognize that learning occurs both formally and informally through a variety of tools chosen by the learner.