1. Hazard or
Risk?
This is a HAZARD
Hazard means anything that can
cause harm (e.g. chemicals,
electricity, working from ladders,
etc)
2. Hazards may cause a Risk to health or safety or
environment or property
This is a RISK
Risk is the chance, high or low,
that somebody will be harmed
by the hazard.
3. Hierarchy of Control Measures
Health hazards can be controlled
through the following activities:
Elimination or Substitution
Isolation
Engineering Controls
Administrative controls
Signage/Warnings
PPE
Training and employee
awareness
Medical surveillance programs
Emergency Response Plan
Auditing
Process Hazard Analysis / Exposure Assessment and
Risk Management
4. Eliminate the Hazard at its Source
When you know that you are dealing with
a hazard, you can take action to
reduce the risk.
5. Substitute for something less hazardous
If it is not possible to
eliminate the hazard, it
may be possible to
substitute it for something
less hazardous
6. Engineering
It may be possible to bring in
engineering controls such as
exhaust ventilation hoods or
isolation methods.
7. How effective do you think this is?
This approach does
not improve safety
by much, but it does
let you know what
the sudden pain is
and why you are
about to die.
8. SOP
Safe Operating Procedures
Remember that
training is only one
unit of an
inseparable trio
If there are ten ways
of doing something,
ensure that the
safest way is
chosen.
TRAINING
SKILL AQUISITION
SUPERVISION
10. Administrative controls
Administrative controls are systems of work
and safe work practices that prevent or
reduce risks to health, property and the
environment
Operating Procedures
Safe Work Practices
Industrial Hygiene Programs
Medical Surveillance Program
Personal Protective Equipment
It should only be used with engineering
and /or administrative controls.
Administrative controls and Personal protective equipment
Pre-Employment Examination
Determination of Fitness for
Duty
Periodic Medical Examinations
Emergency Medical Treatment
Medical Records
