Physical science 5.2 : Grouping Of Elements
- 1. Grouping the ElementsChapter 5.2
- 2. Objectives:Explain why elements in a group often have similar properties.Describe the properties of the elements in the groups of the periodic table.
- 3. Group 1: Alkali MetalsAlkali metals are elements in Group 1 of the periodic table. Alkali metal properties:
- 4. group contains metals
- 5. 1 electron in the outer level
- 7. softness
- 9. shininess
- 10. low densityGroup 2: Alkaline-Earth MetalsAlkaline-earth metals are elements in Group 2.
- 13. 2 electrons in the outer level
- 14. very reactive, but less reactive than alkali metals
- 15. color of silver, higher densities than alkali metalsGroup 3–12: Transition MetalsTransition metals are inGroups 3–12. Some of the transition metals are shown below.AuZnCuHg
- 16. Group 3–12: Transition MetalsProperties of Transition Metalsvary widely but include:
- 17. groups contains metals
- 18. 1 or 2 electrons in the outer level
- 19. less reactive than alkaline-earth metals
- 20. shininess, good conductors of electric current and thermal energyLanthanides and ActinidesSome transition metals from Periods 6 and 7 appear in two rows at the bottom of the periodic table. Elements in the first row are called lanthanides and elements in the second row are called actinides.Group 13: Boron GroupAluminum is the most common element from Group 13.
- 22. group contains one metalloid and five metals
- 23. 3 electrons in the outer level
- 24. reactive
- 25. solids at room temperatureBGaAlIn
- 26. Group 14: Carbon GroupGroup 14 properties:
- 27. group contains one nonmetal, two metalloids, and two metals
- 28. 4 electrons in the outer level
- 29. reactivity varies among the elements
- 30. solids at room temperature CGePbSnSi
- 31. Group 15: Nitrogen GroupGroup 15 properties:group contains two nonmetals, two metalloids, and two metals
- 32. 5 electrons in the outer level
- 33. reactivity varies among the elements
- 34. solids at room temperature (except for nitrogen, which is a gas)Group 16: Oxygen GroupGroup 16 properties:group contains three nonmetals, one metalloids, and one metal
- 35. 6 electrons in the outer level
- 36. reactive
- 37. solids at room temperature (except for oxygen, which is a gas)Group 17: HalogensHalogens are the elements in Group 17. Group 17 properties:group contains nonmetals
- 38. 7 electrons in the outer level
- 39. very reactive
- 40. poor conductors of electric current, never in uncombined form in natureGroup 18: Noble GasesNoble gasesare the elements in Group 18.Group 18 properties:
- 42. 8 electrons in the outer level (except helium, which has 2)
- 43. unreactive
- 44. colorless, odorless gases at room temperatureHydrogenThe properties of hydrogen do not match the properties of any single group, so hydrogen is set apart.a nonmetal
- 45. 1 electron in the outer level
- 46. reactive
- 47. colorless, odorless gas at room temperature, low density