Physical security primer - JURINNOV - Eric Vanderburg
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This document provides an overview of physical security strategies and controls. It discusses four key strategies: territoriality, natural surveillance, activity support, and access control. Various physical security controls are described, including locks, biometrics, lighting, alarms, closed-circuit television, fences, barriers, patrols, and interior safeguards. The goals of a physical security system are to provide the necessary level of protection through balancing security needs with operational and aesthetic concerns.
Physical security primer - JURINNOV - Eric Vanderburg
- 1. Physical Security Primer Dr. Eric Vanderburg Director, Information Systems and Security JURINNOV LTD
- 2. Objectives • Explain physical security strategies • Describe physical security controls • Understand the role of physical security
- 3. 3 4 Key Strategies 1. Territoriality 2. Natural Surveillance 3. Activity Support 4. Access Control
- 4. 4 Territoriality Most people tend to protect area that they feel is their own, and have a certain amount of respect for other’s. Fences, pavement treatments, signs and landscaping all help to express ownership.
- 5. 5 Natural Surveillance • This is almost entirely based off of the fact that criminals do not want to be seen. • Place physical activities, features and people in a way that they can be observed • Remove trees, sheds, bushes and other sight obstructions
- 6. 6 Access Control • Properly located entrances/exits • Fencing • Lighting • Receptionist at a front desk • A neighbor sitting on their front porch
- 7. 7 An Overview of Physical Controls Concentric Zone Theory – based on the premise that the more valuable an asset is, the more protection it needs 3 Basic Lines of Physical Defense: 1. The perimeter of the facility 2. The building exterior 3. The interior
- 8. 8 Locks • Key, key card or smart card operated • Remains one of the oldest, most commonly used methods of access control
- 9. Biometrics The science of using individual physiological features or behavioral characteristics to positively identify a person 9 Examples: fingerprint, iris/retinal scans, hand geometry, voice, et al.
- 10. Lighting • Intruders want darkness to cover their actions • 3 out of 4 commercial burglaries are committed within buildings with little or no light • Types: 10 1. Continuous 2. Standby 3. Moveable 4. Emergency
- 11. 11 Lighting • Perimeter Lighting • Floodlights • Street lights • Fresnal units • Searchlights
- 12. 12 Alarm uses • Burglar • Fire • Temperature • Humidity •Water flow • Electrical power
- 13. 13 Alarm system types Local – sound on the premises only • Proprietary – a constantly-manned alarm panel operated by the owner • Central Station – similar to proprietary, except usually operated off premises by an alarm company • Police Connected – the alarm is directed via phone lines to the nearest police dept.
- 14. 14 Alarms – False Alarms • More than 90% of all intrusion alarms are false alarms, resulting in needless expense and risks on the part of responders. • Because of the high number of false alarms, many cities prohibit alarms connected directly to the police department.
- 15. 15 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) • A generic term, generally meaning a system in which a number of video cameras are connected in a closed circuit or loop, where the images are sent to a central television monitor or recorded. • CCTV systems range from basic system to very complicated networks.
- 16. 16 Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) Cameras may be overt or covert, or semi-covert. • Overt – out in the open • Covert – hidden • Semi- Covert – cameras are in public view but behind a one-way transparent covering.
- 17. 17 CCTV other technology • Internet Protocol Video (IP) • Video can be sent across a company’s data network so that it can be viewed wherever the company chooses. • These can cause bandwidth and digital storage issues for a company’s network. • Thermal Imaging – operates on the principle that all objects emit infrared energy that can be seen using a thermal imager • Night Cameras – most popular kind use image intensification that amplifies available visible and near-infrared light to achieve better vision
- 18. Privacy concerns… • There is concern over the amount of, or rather lack of, privacy by private, non-criminal citizens through the extensive use of surveillance methods. • Some cities are passing legislation to govern these types of devices and their use. 18
- 19. 19 The Perimeter • Fences – 2 basic types • Ornamental • Chain Link – effectiveness can be increased by adding razor wire, barbed wire, etc.
- 20. 20 The Perimeter • Surveillance Cameras • Vehicle Barriers • Active – require some action by a person or equipment to be raised into place • Passive – a fixed device with no moving parts, such as guard rails, concrete poles, etc.
- 21. 21 The Perimeter • Patrols • Security Officers • Patrol or Guard Dog units – roam alone inside a perimeter or building to deter intruders
- 22. 22 The Perimeter • Signs • Physical Layout When possible, we should always try to maintain a clear zone of 20 feet on either side of the perimeter
- 23. 23 Building Exterior controls • For some facilities, the exterior is the first line of defense. • Panic or Crash Bars A device located on the inside of a door only. It allows the door to opened in case of a fire, but has no hardware on the outside that can be used to open the door.
- 24. 24 The Building Exterior • Keys for effective security: • Strong, locked doors • Limited number of entrances • Secured openings (>96 sq. inches) • Alarms • Surveillance • Lighting
- 25. The Building Interior • Internal physical controls are usually required along with external controls. • Secure areas should be separated from non-secure areas if possible. 25
- 26. The Building Interior - Safeguards: • Locks • Alarms • Mirrors • Document shredders • Vaults/ safes • Bolt down large, moveable equipment • Lock down devices on office equipment • Surveillance systems 26
- 27. 27 The Command Center • Should be linked to the security control center • Should be in a tightly controlled area • Can also monitor access • Increasingly, staff members of the command center can also handle computer network issues if need be.
- 28. 28 The Physical Security System • The goal is to provide the amount of security needed - neither too much nor too little. • This is a balancing act between aesthetic, operational, safety and security needs.
- 29. The Physical Security System • Physical Security Users: a group comprised of the people who own the property being protected, the people who work at or visit the facility, and the security forces themselves. • Physical security footprint – the mark left during or after a security action that the public sees and lets them know security is present. 29
- 30. For assistance or additional information • Phone: 216-664-1100 • Web: www.jurinnov.com • Email: Eric.Vanderburg@jurinnov.com JurInnov Ltd. The Idea Center 1375 Euclid Avenue, Suite 400 Cleveland, Ohio 44115