Piping Material Specification
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The document provides an introduction to Piping Material Specifications (PMS). It discusses that PMS gives details about all piping components, including material details, dimensions, connection types, applicable codes and standards. It is generated by the piping engineering team. PMS is used to define and specify piping components on piping and instrumentation diagrams. Each pipe class listed in the PMS includes material specifications, dimensions, ratings and other details for items like pipes, flanges, fittings and valves. New piping classes are developed in job-specific PMS documents based on project requirements.
Piping Material Specification
- 1. AN INTRODUCTION TO PIPING MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS ( PMS)
- 2. PMS • What is PMS and what does it consist of? • PMS stands for Piping Material Specifications. It gives details about all piping components. It consists of material details, dimension details, type of ends , schedules / thicknesses, branch offs, NDT requirements, applicable codes / standards etc. for all Piping components. • It is a document Generated by Piping.
- 3. USE OF PMS • PMS is used for defining/specifying the various components of piping and fittings on P&IDs. • Each pipe shown on P&ID is designated by a class appearing in the PMS for that job. • Piping class for the pipe is a part of Line designation no. appearing on each Line in P&ID. 12”-P-212-1201-B1A-Ih. . For each job/project , a job specific PMS is prepared by piping which includes piping classes from standard PMS along with several new classes specific to the project.
- 4. PMS • How do we designate a PMS • PMS is divided into various classes and the class designation comprises of three to four alpha-numeric characters e.g. A10A, A1A
- 5. The PMS consistsof various classes, each with the following specified : • Services& CorrosionAllowance • Pressure/ Temperatureratings • NDT and otherspecial requirements • Connectiondetailsfor vents,drains and instrument connections • Branch connectiontable • Detailsof material,dimensionstandard,ends, thickness, ratingsetc for pipingitemslike pipes, flanges,fittings,valves, gaskets, bolting,traps and strainers.
- 6. Piping Class Designation : • The first letterindicatespressurerating A : 150 Class B : 300 Class C : 400 Class D : 600 Class E : 900 Class F : 1500 Class G : 2500 Class J : 125 / 150 Class K : UNCLASSIFIED
- 7. Piping Class Designation : • The last letterindicatestype of material: A : Carbon steel, B : Carbon Moly, C : 1.0 % Cr., 0.5 % Moly, D : 1.25 % Cr., 0.5 % Moly. E : 2.25 % Cr., 1.0 % Moly, F : 5.0 % Cr., 0.5 % Moly. G : 9.0 % Cr., 1.0 % Moly, H : 3.5 % Ni J : Nickel/Titanium K : S.S. type 304,304H,304L L : Aluminum M : S.S. type 316, 316H,321,347 N : S.S. type 316L P : Monel/Alloy 20 Q : Inconel/incoloy T : Cast Iron / Silicon Iron V : Duplex Stainless Steel Y: Lined steel (Rubber lined, Teflon lined etc.) Z : HDPE / PDVF / Teflon / PVC
- 8. Piping Class Designation : • The middle number (second and third letter) indicates difference in the process services within the same rating and materialbased on followingcriteria : • Corrosionallowance • Cryogenic • Stress Relieved • Low Temperatureapplication(LTCS range) • Hydrogen/NACE/IBR • Category‘D’ Fluids • Vacuum • Any otherspecific service requirements
- 9. Pipe specification : • Type of pipe (Seamless/ E.FS.W / ERW / Welded) • Ends(PE/ BE / SCRD) • Schedule/ Thicknessin MM • DimensionStandard(B36.10 / B36.19) • Materialspecification • Size range
- 10. Pipe thickness / Branch Reinforcement Calculations : • Codes : B 31.3 • Class Pr-Temp rating( B-16.5)/ Line conditions • CorrosionAllowance • Mill tolerance • Joint efficiencyfactor dependingon materialspecification& type of pipe.
- 11. Flange group specification : • Type of Flange (WN / SW / SO / LJ / Blind / Fig.8 / SPCR&BLN) • Dimension Standard (B16.5 / B16.47A / AWWA-C207) • Rating (150 / 300 / 600 / 900 / 1500 / 2500) • Facing & face finish (FF / RF / RTJ & 125AARH / 63AARH / Stock Finish) • Material specification • Size range
- 12. Flanged Joints : • Flanges provide a bolted, separable joint in piping • Where there is a clear need for removal of valves or equipment, for access of maintenance, or for blinding • Flanged connections are potential leak source, their use should be kept to the minimum. Beyond Class 600, the use of flanges in all services is further limited.
- 13. Fittings specification : • Type of Fitting (90 Elbow/ 45 Elbow/Eq.Tee/Red Tee/ Ecc.Red. / Conc. Red. / Conc.Swage, Caps,Couplings etc) • Dimension Standard (B16.9 / B16.11 / MSS SP43 etc) • Ends (SW / SCRF / SCRM / BW / FLGD) • Ratings (For SW / SCRF / SCRM / FLGD) / Thickness(BW) • Facing & face finish (FLGD) • Material specification • Size range
- 14. Bolting specification : • Governed by service fluid & temperature • The most commonly used bolts for flanges in refinery piping are the ASTM A193 Gr.B7 Stud bolts and ASTM A 194 Gr 2H nuts (Cr-Mo Steel) which fall into the high strength group as defined in ASME B 16.5. These stud bolts are generally used in CS and SS piping classes up to 427 deg C • The medium strength ASTM A193 Gr.B7M studs are required in sour services to avoid sulfide stress corrosion cracking. • For stainless steel piping classes in high temp application ASTM A 453 Gr 660 A/B( 14%Cr-24%Ni) bolting is used
- 15. Bolting specification : cont. • For alloy steel piping classes in high temp application ASTM A 193 Gr B 16 /A 194 Gr 4 ( Cr- Mo-V) bolting is used • Low carbon steel machine bolts as per ASTM A307 Gr.B are in the low strength group, used for category D fluids • Standards ASME / ANSI B18.2.1 & B18.2.2
- 16. Gaskets specification : • Type of gasket : – Soft gaskets – Butyl Rubber / Asbestos /Teflon(Fullface / Ring) – Semi-metallic – Spiral Wound metal strip with non metallic filler – Metallic (RTJ gaskets : Octagonal / Oval) • Dimension Stds : – B16.20 : Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges – Ring-Joint, Spiral-Wound and Jacketed – B16.21 :Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
- 17. Important points in case of Gaskets : • Hardness of gaskets for RTJ joints to be minimum 20 BHN less than that of flange groove • Use on Inner / Outer Ring for Sp.Wnd. Gasket – As per code (B16.20) requirement – In case 26” & above – Vacuum / Hydrogen / Cryo service – SS321 / SS347 & H-Grade SS – 900# class & above – Temp. > 427°C • Use of asbestos restricted / prohibited
- 18. Miscellaneous Items : • Steam Traps : – Thermodynamic – Thermostatic – Mechanical- inverted Bucket, Ball Float Type • Strainers : – Temporary (Conical) – Permanent (T-type / Y-type)
- 19. Valve specification in PMS : • Type of Valve (Gate / Globe / Check / Ball, etc) • Valve Standard • Body & Trim Material • Rating & Ends details • Tag Number
- 20. Function-wise categories of Valves : • On-off Valves : Gate, Ball, Plug, Butterfly, Diaphragm • Flow regulation : Globe, Butterfly • Non-return valves : Check • Sample Valves : Globe, Needle ,Plug
- 21. Preparation of Job PMS : • Standard PMS used as a basis • New Piping Classes developed based on job requirements as specified by – Client – Process – Licensor
- 22. Data for new classes • Material of construction(from SMMS) • Corrosion allowance • Service • Size range • Design pressure and temperature • Type and sizes of valves required • Any other requirements lethal service /toxic
- 23. OBJECTIVES OF MATERIAL SELECTION • PRIMARY OBJECTIVE – ACHIEVEMENT OF METALLURGICAL STABILITY TO PREVENT FAILURE RESULTING FROM CORROSIVE ENVIRONMENT,NORMAL OPERATION AND UPSET CONDITIONS • SECONDARY OBJECTIVE – ACHIEVEMENT OF EXPECTEDLIFE BY ADEQUATE PROVISION AGAINST METAL WASTAGE • MATERIAL SELECTIONFORACHIEVEMENT OF METALLURGICAL STABILITY IS MADE ON THE BASIS OF DESIGN CONDITIONS • THE PROVISIONAGAINST WASTAGE,AS BY CORROSIONOR EROSION IS MADE ON THE BASIS OF MAXIMUM OPERATING CONDITIONS
- 24. DESIGN LIFE OF EQUIPMENT • DESIGN LIFE OF 20 YEARS FOR: – REACTORS AND HIGH PRESSURE VESSELS – HIGH PRESSURE EXCHANGER SHELL – COLUMNS • DESIGN LIFE OF 10 YEARS FOR: – PIPING – HEAT EXCHANGER BUNDLES – REMOVABLE INTERNALS FOR REACTORS AD VESSELS – LOW PRESSURE EXCHANGER SHELLS – LOW PRESSURE VESSELS
- 25. AREAS OF CONCERN FOR MOC • RESISTANCE TO STRESS AND WEAR – INVOLVES MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS SUCH AS TENSILE STRENGTH, YIELD STRENGTH, DUCTILITY, FATIGUE STRENGTH, WEAR RESISTANCE ETC. • RESISTANCE TO CORROSION FROM PROCESS AND ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS – DEPENDENT ON SEVERAL FACTORS SUCH AS OPERATING PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE, PROCESS STREAM COMPOSITION, PHASES, PRESENCE OF LIQUID WATER, CORRODENTS, CRACK INDUCING AGENTS AND UPSET CONDITIONS.
- 26. Thank You