Plastic technology
- 1. Submitted by:- Nitin Goyal Roll no.-1410991386 CSE-F-01
- 2. • Plastics • Types of plastics • Why design plastics • Additives • Plastics waste facts • Co processing • Plastic Roads • Plastic clothes • Disadvantages • Conclusion
- 4. TYPES OF PLASTICS There are two main types of plastics: Thermoplastics and Thermosetting polymers. THERMOPLASTICS can repeatedly softened melt if enough heat is applied & hardened on cooling so that they can be made into new plastics products. E.g.- polyethylene, polystyrene & PVC . THERMOSETTING can melt & take shape only once. They are not suitable for repeated heat treatments after they have solidified, they stay solid. E.g.- phenol formaldehyde & urea formaldehyde
- 5. WHY DESIGN WITH PLASTICS? 1. Corrosion resistance 2. Low electrical and thermal conductivity 3. Easily formed into complex shapes, can be formed, casted and joined 4. Wide choice of appearance, colors and transparencies
- 6. ADDITIVES IN PLASTIC 1. Plasticizers 2. Carbon black(soot) 3. Colorants 4. Lubricants 5. Flame retardants Additives are added to polymers in order to obtain or improve certain properties such as strength, stiffness, color, resistance to weather and flammability.
- 7. PLASTIC WASTE FACTS • India generates 5.6 million metric tons of plastic waste annually, with Delhi generating the most of at municipality at 689.5 metric tons every day, according to a report from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). • Every year Americans through away about 100 billion plastic bags.
- 8. CO-PROCESSING OF PLASTICS Primary collection and Segregation Secondary segregation of waste to separate recyclable part Treatment & material /energy recovery Final disposal Finally product is transported to different industries for further processing
- 11. PLASTIC TECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS • Plastic roads • Plastic clothes • Cement kiln(links) • Alternative fuel and raw material(AFR)
- 12. PLASTIC ROADS The process of road laying using waste plastics is designed and the technique is being implemented successfully for the construction of flexible roads at various places in India
- 14. MERITS OF POLYMER BLENDED BITUMEN ROADS Stripping and pothole formation: When polymer is coated over aggregate, the coating reduces its affinity for water due to non-wetting nature of the polymer and this resists the penetration of water. Leaching: Polymer will not leach out of the bitumen layer, even after laying the road using waste plastics-bitumen-aggregate mix. Effect of fly ash: It is also observed that the fly ash does not leach from this mixture.
- 15. PLASTIC CLOTHES Plastic bottles and food trays are collected from municipal sites, cleaned, sorted, crushed into flakes and made into a polyester fibre. This is blended with cotton fibre, which is finally woven with traditional cotton yarn to create the denim. The look and feel seems no different to traditional denim, apart from the colour of the inside.
- 18. DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTIC 1. Low strength 2. Less dimensional stability over period of time (creep effect) 3. Aging effect, hardens and become brittle over time 4. Sensitive to environment, moisture and chemicals 5. Poor machinability
- 19. CONCLUSION Though plastic is a great threat to the society yet it can be b beneficial if used in a wise way. i.e. by using proper manufacturing techniques, usage regulations and disposal/ recycling methods. Plastics have a wide range of application. All we need is advancement in our techniques.