Ppda lecture 5 understanding mental health slideshare version
Download as PPTX, PDF11 likes10,349 views
The document discusses mental health, including definitions, common disorders, and the Philippine Mental Health Law. It defines mental health as cognitive, behavioral and emotional well-being. Common disorders include anxiety disorders, mood disorders like depression, and schizophrenia. Anxiety disorders are the most common and include panic disorder, phobias, OCD, and PTSD. Mood disorders involve changes in mood like depression and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia typically begins between ages 15-25 and involves symptoms like delusions and hallucinations. The most common mental illnesses in the Philippines are schizophrenia, substance abuse, PTSD, and depression. The Philippine Mental Health Law was passed in 2018 to enhance mental health services and protections.
Ppda lecture 5 understanding mental health slideshare version
- 2. In the movie Nise: In the Heart of Darkness Issues of Mental Health and its care are raised; Art has become a supplemental approach in “healing” or creating a sense of “progressive development in cognitive reasoning” for patients to have some level of control of their well-being and reality. The methods of lobotomy were usually used for patients that are aggressive and violent; lobotomy is a surgical operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain, formerly used to treat mental illness. Other issues presented to the movie that are not mental health issues are: Gender Equality and Medical Malpractices
- 3. Definition of Mental Health Mental health refers to our cognitive, behavioral, and emotional wellbeing - it is all about how we think, feel, and behave. The term 'mental health' is sometimes used to mean an absence of a mental disorder. Mental health can affect daily life, relationships, and even physical health. Mental health also includes a person's ability to enjoy life - to attain a balance between life activities and efforts to achieve psychological resilience.
- 4. Definition of Mental Health According to Medilexicon's medical dictionary, mental health is: "Emotional, behavioral, and social maturity or normality; the absence of a mental or behavioral disorder; a state of psychological well-being in which one has achieved a satisfactory integration of one's instinctual drives acceptable to both oneself and one's social milieu; an appropriate balance of love, work, and leisure pursuits.“ According to theWHO (World Health Organization), mental health is: "... a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community." The WHO stresses that mental health "is not just the absence of mental disorder."
- 5. Importance of Mental Health andWellness to a Person Positive mental health allows people to: Realize their full potential Cope with the stresses of life Work productively Make meaningful contributions to their communities
- 6. Understanding the Importance ofAddressing MentalHealth Issues Experts say we all have the potential to develop mental health problems; Regardless of Age, Gender, Race and Social-Economic Status. According to latest numbers of the World Health Organization (WHO), over 300 million people are known to be suffering from depression worldwide. While here in the Philippines, over six million Filipinos live with anxiety and depressive disorders. There are also 2,558 recorded suicides in the country in 2012, where most were males diagnosed with mental health disorders. A large proportion of the people who have a mental disorder have more than one. In the U.S. and much of the developed world, mental disorders are one of the leading causes of disability.
- 7. Factors that Causes Mental Health Issues Biological factors Life experiences: trauma social disadvantage long term stress abuse social isolation bereavement substance & alcohol abuse Family history of mental health problems Physical accidents or illness
- 8. Types of Mental Illness Common Disorders The most common types of mental illness are anxiety disorders mood disorders schizophrenia disorders
- 9. Anxiety Disorders Anxietydisordersarethe mostcommontypesof mentalillness. Theindividualhasasevere fearoranxiety,whichis linkedtocertainobjectsor situations. Mostpeoplewithananxiety disorderwilltrytoavoid exposuretowhatever triggerstheiranxiety. Panic disorder - the person experiences sudden paralyzing terror or a sense of imminent disaster. Phobias - these may include simple phobias (a disproportionate fear of objects), social phobias (fear of being subject to the judgment of others), and agoraphobia (dread of situations where getting away or breaking free may be difficult).We really do not know how many phobias there are - there could be thousands of types. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) - the person has obsessions and compulsions. In other words, constant stressful thoughts (obsessions), and a powerful urge to perform repetitive acts, such as hand washing (compulsion). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - this can occur after somebody has been through a traumatic event - something horrible or frightening that they experienced or witnessed. During this type of event, the person thinks that their life or other people's lives are in danger.They may feel afraid or feel that they have no control over what is happening.
- 10. Mood Disorders These arealsoknownas Affective Disorders or Depressive Disorders. Patientswith these conditionshave significant changesin mood,generally involvingeither mania (elation) ordepression. Major depression - the individual is no longer interested in and does not enjoy activities and events that they previously liked. There are extreme or prolonged periods of sadness. Bipolar disorder - previously known as manic-depressive illness, or manic depression.The individual switches from episodes of euphoria (mania) to depression (despair). Persistent depressive disorder - previously known as dysthymia, this is mild chronic (long term) depression.The patient has similar symptoms to major depression but to a lesser extent.
- 11. Schizophrenia Disorders Whetherornot schizophreniaisasingle disorderoragroupof relatedillnesseshasyetto befullydetermined. Itisa highlycomplexcondition. Schizophrenianormally beginsbetweentheagesof 15and25.Theindividualhas thoughtsthatappear fragmented;theyalsofindit hardtoprocessinformation. Positive symptoms include delusions, thought disorders, and hallucinations. Negative symptoms include withdrawal, lack of motivation, and a flat or inappropriate mood. Cognitive symptoms include affected memory, learning and understanding; subtle and difficult to notice *symptoms a physical or mental feature that is regarded as indicating a condition of disease, particularly such a feature that is apparent to the patient.
- 12. The most common Mental Illness in the Philippines Schizophrenia Substance abuse Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Depression Source: http://www.modernfilipina.ph/health/health-issues/mental-illness-stigma-philippines
- 13. What do you know about Mental Health and Mental Health Issues? Give your personal insights and understanding of Mental Health and Mental Issues?
- 14. Myths & Facts Myth: Mental health problems don't affect me. Fact: Mental health problems are actually very common. The mental health situation in the Philippines is something we should be able to talk freely about. Approximately 1 in 5 Filipino adults suffers from a mental disorder — this isn’t to mention the 10 to 15 percent of children who also have mental health conditions. The most common mental illnesses in the country include schizophrenia, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression.
- 15. Myths & Facts Myth: Children don't experience mental health problems. Fact: Even very young children may show early warning signs of mental health concerns.These mental health problems are often clinically diagnosable, and can be a product of the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. Half of all mental health disorders show first signs before a person turns 14 years old, and three quarters of mental health disorders begin before age 24. Unfortunately, less than 20% of children and adolescents with diagnosable mental health problems receive the treatment they need. Early mental health support can help a child before problems interfere with other developmental needs.
- 16. Myths & Facts Myth: People with mental health problems are violent and unpredictable. Fact: The vast majority of people with mental health problems are no more likely to be violent than anyone else. Most people with mental illness are not violent and only 3%–5% of violent acts can be attributed to individuals living with a serious mental illness. In fact, people with severe mental illnesses are over 10 times more likely to be victims of violent crime than the general population. You probably know someone with a mental health problem and don't even realize it, because many people with mental health problems are highly active and productive members of our communities.
- 17. Myths & Facts Myth: People with mental health needs, even those who are managing their mental illness, cannot tolerate the stress of holding down a job. Fact: People with mental health problems are just as productive as other employees. Employers who hire people with mental health problems report good attendance and punctuality as well as motivation, good work, and job tenure on par with or greater than other employees. When employees with mental health problems receive effective treatment, it can result in: Lower total medical costs Increased productivity Lower absenteeism Decreased disability costs
- 18. Myths & Facts Myth: Personality weakness or character flaws cause mental health problems. People with mental health problems can snap out of it if they try hard enough. Fact: Mental health problems have nothing to do with being lazy or weak and many people need help to get better. Many factors contribute to mental health problems, including: Biological factors, such as genes, physical illness, injury, or brain chemistry Life experiences, such as trauma or a history of abuse Family history of mental health problems People with mental health problems can get better and many recover completely.
- 19. Mental Health in the Philippines Philippine Mental Health Law (Republic Act No. 11036, or RA 11036) was signed into law on June 21, 2018. proposes a mental health policy that aims to enhance integrated mental health services, the promotion ofmental health services, protection of people who use said services, and the establishment of a Philippine mental health council.
- 20. EarlySigns of Mental Health Problem Withdrawing from people or activities they would normally enjoy. Sleeping or eating too much or too little. Feeling as if nothing matters. Consistently low energy. Using drugs more than normal (including alcohol and nicotine). Displaying uncharacteristic emotions. Confusion. Not being able to complete standard tasks, such as getting to work or cooking a meal. Persistent thoughts or memories that reappear regularly. Thinking of harming one's self or others. Hearing voices. Delusions.
- 21. Treatment of Mental Illness There are various ways people with mental health problems might receive treatment. It is important to know that what works for one person may not work for another; this is especially the case with mental health. Some strategies or treatments are more successful when combined with others. A patient with a chronic mental disorder may choose different options at different stages in their life. The majority of experts say that a well-informed patient is probably the best judge of what treatment suits them best.
- 22. Treatment of Mental Illness Psychotherapy (talking therapies) - this is a psychological approach to treating mental illness.Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), exposure therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy are examples. Medication - although it can not cure mental disorders, some medications can improve symptoms. Self-help - including lifestyle changes such as reducing alcohol intake, sleeping more, and eating well.
- 23. Maintaining Positive Mental Health Getting professional help if you need it Connecting with others Staying positive Getting physically active Helping others Getting enough sleep Developing coping skills Always remember if you have a mental health issue, it is not just about you being able to cope with it, it must be addressed with a professional
- 24. CrisisCenter These are their hotline numbers: Information and Crisis Intervention Center (02) 804-HOPE (4673) 0917-558-HOPE (4673) or (632) 211-4550 0917-852-HOPE (4673) or (632) 964-6876 0917-842-HOPE (4673) or (632) 964-4084 InTouch Crisis Lines: 0917-572-HOPE or (632) 211-1305 (02) 893-7606 (24/7) (02) 893-7603 (Mon-Fri, 9 am-5 pm) Globe (63917) 800.1123 or (632) 506.7314 Sun (63922) 893.8944 or (632) 346.8776
- 25. Sources https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154543.php https://www.mentalhealth.gov/basics/what-is-mental-health https://www.manilatimes.net/mental-health-in-the- philippines/418522/ http://manilastandard.net/spotlight/256663/raising-mental- health-awareness-.html https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental- health-problems/mental-health-problems- introduction/causes/#.W43kRugzbIU
Editor's Notes
- #14: Joey de Leon drew a backlash from netizen and even Maine Mendoza, a fellow actor, when he said: “Yung depression gawa-gawa lang ng mga tao yan. Gawa nila sa sarili nila,”
- #20: The bill was pending in Congress for almost 20 years – a stark reminder of the stigma that still permeates discussions on mental health issues by Filipinos